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What is Locard's exchange principle?
- The scene will always leave something on the perpatrator, and the perpatrater will leave something st the scene.
- (There is ALWAYS something to be found)
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What private agency pioneered criminal investigation in the United States?
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Why is it important to examine the history of investigation?
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Why are constitutional protections so important?
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What amendment guarantees our protection agains unreasonable search and seizure?
4th Amendment
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What amendment guarantees our right to legal representation?
6th Amendment
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What is the "Exclusionary Rule?"
- Law of the land
- Cant use evidence illegtally obtained in a trial
- Fruit of the poisonous tree:
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Found more evidence with the illegally obtained evidence
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What U.S. Supreme Court Case made constitutional protections applicable to state (and local) law enforcement?
- Map Vs Ohio
- Officers entered Mrs. Maps house with a fake warrent, thus the exclusionary rule came to be.
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What are the four kinds of authority for arrest?
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Who has the authority to isue a warrant?
A judge
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What is investigative detention? What level of proof is required for it?
- If a crime is occuring or abour to occure they are alowed to detain people (Reasonable Suspiction)
- You can stop someone but you cant take them anywhere without arrest.
- ONLY search for weapons.
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What level of proof is required for a search warrant?
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Name two justifications for a warrantless search:
- 1. If you have Consent from the person whom you are searching.
- 2. Inventory- Car being impounded and towed. Need to document everything in the vehicle. (Deadly or not)
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In Arizona, how long can an arrestee by held in jail before they must be brought to a judge?
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Name three essential qualities of a successful investigator:
- Communicator:
- Inquistive
- Listens (listens more than he talks)
- Persuasive
- Empathetic
Analytical: - Objective
- logical
- Not cynical, harded. (Separate themselves from others)
- Thorough:
- Detail-Oriented
- Meticulous
- Discipline
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What are three tasks that shold be accomplished as soon as possible after arriving a the crime scene as first responder?
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What is the goal of a criminal investigation?
- Establish what crime has been commited *ALL ELEMENTS*
- Identify the perpatrator
- Recover stolen property
- Assist with prosecution of the offender
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What are three types of evidence? (as delineated in ch. 3)
- Corpus Delicti:
- A set of elements whos commission or omission must be demonstrated to have occured in order to prove the case
- Associative Evidence:
- Bidirectional in that it connects the perpetrator to the scene or victim, or connects to the scene or victim to the suspect.
- Tracing Evidence:
- The identification and location of the suspect
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What is the "Chain of Custody" as it relates to evidence?
- Anyone who touches the evidence must document it.
- Any evidence gathered at a crime scene has to have a chain of custody.
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Name four steps that should be taken in the follow-up investigation:
- 1. read the offense report and become thorouly conversant with it.
- 2. View scene photographs
- 3.Examine the physical evidence and review lab results as examinations are completed
- 4. Contact victims and witnesses for interviews.
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Define Crime Scene:
- Where the crime occurs, and the area around it.
- You can gave multiple scenes
- Suspects usually are on scene, or come back to scene.
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Name two crime scene evidence search patters:
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What are some hazards that are often present at crime scenes?
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Which of the following should police or prosecutors not do in communicating with the media?
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