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Individuals
objects described by the data, e.g. people, plants, animal
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Variable
characteristic of individual, e.g. age, blood pressure, height, weight, eye color
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Two types of variables:
Categorical & Quantitative
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Categorical
falls into a category – cannot be added, e.g. color, gender
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Quantitative
- can be counted or measured – can be added, subtracted, e.g.
- income
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Charting categorical data
Bar graph & Pie chart
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Bar graph
each category represented by a bar, record frequency for each category
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pie chart
slices must represent the parts of one whole
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Charting quantitative data (shape, center, spread)
histogram, stem plot, time plot
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Histogram
- Choose the classes
- Count the individuals in each class
- Draw the histogram
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Stem plot
- may be able to split stems
- Numerical histogram
- Note symmetry/ skewness; outliers
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Time plot
time on the x-axis (horizontal)
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