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Description
Xanthine Bronchodilator that sometimes is effective in cases where Sympathomimetics have not been effective.
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Mechanism of Action
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle but does not act on adrenergic receptors. Mild diuretic properties can increase HR & Cardiac output.
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Onset of Action
- Onset: 15min
- Peak: 15min
- Duration: Varies
- Half-life: 4hrs
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Indications
Treatment of infants w/ apnea. Bronchial asthma, Reversible bronchospasm associated w/ chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, CHF and Pulmonary Edema
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Contraindications
Known Hypersensitivity, Uncontrolled Cardiac Arrhythmias
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Precautions/Side Effects
Cardiac monitor, Arrhythmia, PVC, Tachycardia, palpitation, chest pain, nervousness, headache, seizure, nausea/vomiting, hypotension from rapid administration.
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Adult Dose
CHF/fluid overload NOT present 250 or 500mg (2-5mg/kg) in 90 or 80ml of 5% Dextrose infused over 20-30min
CHF Present 250 or 500mg in 20ml of 5% Dextrose
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Pedi Dose
6mg/kg loading dose infused over 20-30min
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Max Dose
- Adult: Titrate to Effect
- Pedi: Don't exceed 12mg/kg in 24hrs
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Route of Administration
IV/IO
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