T/F
Exstrophy of the bladder occurs because of birth trauma.
False
T/F
Vesicoureteral reflux is caused by a congenitally malpositioned entry of the ureter or ureters into the bladder.
True
T/F
Children are at no greater risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances than adults.
False
T/F
Grade V vesicoureteral reflux can be medically managed.
False
T/F
Polycystic kidney disease is an autosomal dominant disorder.
True
T/F
Secondary enuresis occurs when the child has never been continent.
False
Nephrotic syndrome in children manifests as:
D. All of the above are correct.
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in children:
A. is a noninfectious renal disease.
Infants cannot concentrate urine because of:
D. Both a and c are correct. (a. shorter tubular length. c. increased blood flow to the kidneys.)
Vesicoureteral reflux causes urine to ? up the ureters and places the young child at risk for ?.
B. retrograde; pyelonephritis
Which manifestation may be associated with vesicoureteral reflux?
E. a, b, and c are correct. (a. recurrent urinary tract infections b. poor growth c. irritability.)
Children are at risk for hemolytic uremic syndrome after:
D. All of the above are correct.
Organic causes of enuresis may include:
D. All of the above are correct.
Children with enuresis may be managed by:
D. All of the above are correct.
Which characterizes IgA nephropathy?
D. All of the above are correct.
Identify the sequence of events in hemolytic uremic syndrome that cause anemia.
1. The damaged cells are removed from the circulation by the spleen.
2. The endothelial lining of the glomerular arterioles becomes swollen.
3. Narrowed vessels damage erythrocytes.
4. Split-products of fibrin appear in the urine and serum.
A. 2, 3, 1
Which factor influences the prognosis of a child with nephroblastoma?
C. b, c, and d are correct. (b. genetics c. stage d. congenital anomalies)
What causes neonate bladder outlet obstruction?
E. a, b, and c are correct. (a. polyps arising from the prostatic urethra. b. congenital urethral valves. c. impaired renal embryogenesis.)
Small, normally developed kidney
B. hypoplastic kidney
Facial anomalies
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
Urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis; a cleft along the ventral urethra in girls
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
b. epispadias
Results from abnormal differentiation of renal tissue
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
c. bladder exstrophy
Exposed bladder mucosa through a fissure in the abdominal wall
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
c. bladder exstrophy
Urethral meatus opening on the ventral side of the penis
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
a. hypospadias
Obstruction of the renal collection system
a. hypospadias
b. epispadias
c. bladder exstrophy
d. hypoplastic kidney
e. renal dysplasia
f. bilateral agenesis
g. renal dysplasia
g. renal dysplasia
Author
NursyDaisy
ID
137397
Card Set
30 Study Guide
Description
Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children