Chapter 13 Trace Minerals

  1. Vegans and vegeterians need to insure adequate intake of ____ and ______ due to bioavailability in non-meat sources.
    Iron Zinc
  2. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) causes:
    The uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland
  3. Glutathione peroxidases require:
    Selenium
  4. Fluoride is not an essential nutrient because:
    It is not needed for growth, reproduction, or basic body functions
  5. Regulation of the amount of manganese in the body is via its loss in the:
    Feces
  6. The major mechanism by which the iron in the body is regulated is :
    The alteration of its absorbtion
  7. What protein functions in the transport of iron in the blood?
    Transferrin
  8. Body cells regulate how much iron they take into their cells by altering:
    The number of transferrin receptors located on the cell membrane
  9. The iron storage compound that is needed for more long term storage is:
    Hemosiderin
  10. Which biochemical measurment is not able to detect early stages of iron deficiency?
    Hemoglobin concentration
  11. The % of total blood made from red blood cells is:
    Hematocrit
  12. High amounts of dietary iron can decrease the absorbtion of ___ because they compete for the same transport proteins.
    Copper
  13. Foods contain several forms of selenium but typically it is associated with the amino acid ________.
    Methionine
  14. Severe selenium deficiency causes ______ which results in severe and even fatal heart problems
    Keshan disease
  15. Copper and _________ are cofactors for superoxide dismutase, an enzime that protects from free radicals.
    Manganese
  16. The zinc conteny of the blood is highly regulated at
    The small intestine
  17. ________ is a protein that acts in a similar fashion to ferritin in that it binds zinc in the enterocytes making it unavailable for transport in to the portal vein.
    Metallothionine.
  18. Trace minerals are inorganic____ or compounds
    atoms
  19. Iron is involved in protecting the body from ____ and free radicals
    toxins
  20. Copper is important for energy metabolism, neural function, and _______ reactions.
    antioxidant
  21. Excess iodine is excreted in the ______.
    urine
  22. Iodine is a component of the ______ thyroxine and triiodthyronine which are important for growth,_____,brain function, energy metabolism
    thyroid hormones, development
  23. The presence of _____ in some vegetables can decrease the incorporation of iodine in to thyroxine and triiodthyronine.
    goitrogens
  24. Some selenoproteins are involved in redox reactions some regulate ____ metabolism and the activation of ______
    thyroid, vitamin c
  25. Iodine toxicity causes hypo and hyper-
    thyroidism
  26. Food sources of selenium include nuts, seafood, meats, and ____ ______.
    cereal products
  27. Chromium ___ is rare but causes high glucose concentrations, decreased insulin sensitivity, and weight loss.
    defiency
  28. __________ Manganese is absorbed and excess is excreted in the ________
    Very Little, Bile
  29. Molybdenum defiency is extremely rare but causes headaches, abnormal ____ function and visual difficulties.
    Cardiac
  30. Zinc is found in ______, fortified cereals, meat, legumes, chocolate.
    Shellfish
  31. Zinc defiency causes poor apetite, _______ failure, skin irritations, delayed physical maturation, _____.
    Growth, Infertility
  32. Toxicity from zinc consumprion is rare but can influence ______ function, lipid metabolism, and apetite.
    Immune
  33. Other non-essential trace minerals that may influence health are: Nickel, Aluminum,______,______, Arsenic, Boron.
    Silicon, Vanadium.
  34. ___________ is a protein in the enterocyte that regulates zinc absorbtion and elimination
    Metallothionine
  35. _______ is an Iron-containing enzyme that helps stabilize free radicals.
    Cytochrome P450
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137306
Card Set
Chapter 13 Trace Minerals
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