Sociology Chpt 9-10

Socially defined category, based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people.

Socially defined category based on common language, religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor.

Ethnic identity that is only relevant on specific occasions and does not significantly impact every day life.

Ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation.

Made up of members of a social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to the dominant groups of society.

Set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group, used to justify inequality.

An idea about the characteristics of a group that is applied to all members of that group, unlikely to change regardless of the evidence against it.

Motivated by prejudice and refers to the unequal treatment of individuals because of their social group.

Discrimination carried out by one person against another.

Discrimination carried out systematically by social institutions that effect all members of a group who come into contact with it.

Living as if one is a member of a different racial category, has a long history in the United States.

The deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, national, or cultural group.

Forcible removal of a group of people from the territory they have occupied (Native Americans).

The formal and legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity.

A pattern of relations between ethnic or racial groups in which the minority group is absorbed into the mainstream or dominant group.

Process by which racial or ethnic groups are absorbed into the dominant group by adopting the dominant groups culture.

Refers to an individuals membership in one or two biologically distinct categories- male or female.

The physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers normal for its male and female members.

Having an abnormal chromosomal makeup and mixed or indeterminate male and female sex characteristics.

Believing gender roles have a genetic or biological origin and cannot be changed.

Approach and see gender as a social construction and acknowledge the possibility that the male-female categories are not the only way of classifying individuals.

Found in all past and present societies and can be traced back to biological differences in early societies.

The position of the family member who provides the familys material support and is often an authority figure.

The inclination to feel sexual desire toward people of a particular gender or toward both genders.

Individuals who are sexually attracted to both genders.

The tendency to feel sexual desire toward members of ones own gender.

Individuals who identify with the opposite sex and have surgery to alter their own sex so it fits their self-image.

Simply reject any sexual identity at all.

Campaign organized around gaining voting rights for women.

Romantic, sexual, or marital relationships between people of different races.