Pharmacology (HIT)

When giving a medication for the first time, the health care person should assess what type of response

Name a example, trade name, and classification of a drug from a plant source

Name a example, trade name, and classification from the mineral drug source

Name a example, trade name, and classification of a drug from a animal source

Name a example, trade name, and classification from a synthetic source

Name a example, trade name, and classification of a drug from a DNA source

Has alllowed for the production of biological active substances that are in the body and can be used to treat certain diseases

Refers to the alteration of genes done in a lab setting

Used to slow the progession of HIV. Not a cure

Used to treat malignancies and management of AIDS related Kaposi sarcome

Used to slow progression of demetia in Alzehimer's patients. Removed from market because of toxicity

Name of two drugs that treat more than one disease at a time. This drug treats blood pressure and cholestrol

Name the 4 drug processes

Passage of substance through a membrane into the bloodstream

Moving from the bloodstream into the tissues and fluids of the body

Physical and chemical alterations that a substance undergoes in the body

Eliminating waste products of drug metabolism from the body

Variables that affect the speed and efficiency of drugs being processed by the body

The action of two drugs working together in which one helps the other simultaneously for an effect that neither could produce alone

the action of two drugs in which one prolongs or multiplies the effect of the other

The opposing action of two drugs in which one decreases or cancels out the effect of the other

The amount of drug given for a particular therapeutic or desired effect

Initial high dose used to quickly elevate the level of the drug in the blood

Dose required to keep the drug blood level at a steady state in order to maintain the desired effect

Amount of a drug that will produce harmful side effects or symptoms of poisoning

Dose that causes death

Dose that is customarily given adjusted according to variations from the norm

Name the 2 most common routes of adminstration

The doctor's choice of a particulat route of administration of a drug may depend on

Immune response (allergy) to a drug may be of varying degrees

Severe, possible fatal, allergic response

Refers to the type of prepatation in which the drug is supplied

Refers to any route not involving the GI tract, including injection, topical and inhalation routes

Injectable drug form. Drug is suspended and shaken, then dissolved in a sterile vehicle

Injectable drug form. Dry particles of drugs. the powder itself cannot be injected, it must be muxed with a diluting solution

Term used for drugs that are powder that must be mixed with a solution before administering

A small volume of drug injected into a peripheral saline lock, attached to a vein.

Where it is manually pushed through

A large volume of fluids, often with drugs added, that infuses continually into a vein.

Slow push through

A drug diluted in moderate volume, usually using 2 bags, of fluid for intermittent infusion at specified intervals.

Injected into the fatty layer of tissue below the skin by positioning the needle and syringe at a 45-degree angle

Injected just beneath the skin, by positioning the needle bevel up and a 15 degree angle

Injected into a catheter in the epidural space of the spinal canal

Name the less common parenteral routes

The second route for fast acting

Substances low in lipid solubility are absorbed best when given by other means than

Severe hypersensitivity response could require CPR, may be fatal

Immune response to a drug that may be of varying degrees

Opposite effect from drug that was expected

Unique, unusual response to a drug

Effect from maternal drug administration that causes the development of physical defects in a fetus

Dermal patches are used to treat

Most common classification of drug given rectally

Type of preparation in which the drug is supplied

GTT

Minerals used to prepare drugs

Cellular changes or drug actions that are followed by physiological changes

Sedative and barbiturates are given in combination, resulting in depression

In the liver, a drug is broken down and altered to more soluble by proguts so it is more easily execreted by kidneys

How are drug effects generally categorized

An affinity or attraction of a drug to a specific organ or cell

Drugs slightly acidic are absorbed well with

Drugs of an alkaline pH are absorbed better through the alkaline enviroment of

Drug effects that reach widespread areas of the body are known as

Route of administeration that allows for slower consistent drug administration over time

Any chemical substance ingested or applied on the body for the purpose of affecting body function is called

Historically, these were the primary source of drugs

Medications contradicted for lactating mothers pass through this into breast milk

Drug compounds are produced from artificial rather than natural substances

Used in patients participating in a blind study

If a patients circulation and renal function is inadequate, what effect does it have

Sweet, flavored liquid drug form

Liquid drug that contains oils and fats in water

Local soothing effect on throat or mouth

Disk of compressed drug

Per Os

Liquid drug that forms with alcohol base

Treatment for anaphalactic reaction

The number that represents the diameter of the needle

Ranges from 18-27

A glass container sealed at top by rubber stopper

Delivers drug over a extended period of time

Tablet with special coating that resists disintegration by gastric juices because outside layer is

Drug doses are calculated according to

A cardiac drug that must be given cautiously because it can cause toxicity

What can be used to make a drug treatment for growth disorders

Increased effect of a drug demostrated when repeated doses accumulate in the body that can buil to a dangerous or toxic level

Dibucaine ointment applied rectally which reduces hemorrhoidal pain

Doses that causes death

Amount of drug that will produce harmful side effects or symptoms of poisoning

Name the GI routes

Name the Parenteral Routes

Drug contained within a gelatin-type container

liquid drug form in which the drug is totally and evely dissloved,
Appearance is clear, tather than cloudy or settled

Drug suspended in a substance, such as cocoa butter, that melts at body temperture

Drug suspended in solution to be administered as an enema

A semisolid preparation containg a drug, for external application

A liquid preparation applied externally for treatment of skin disorders. Should be patted, not rubbed on skin

Preparation for external use that is rubbed on the skin as a couterirritant, to mask pain in the skin or muscles

Skin patch containing drug molecules that can be absorbed through the skin at varying rates to promote a consistent blood level

Drugs in sterile liquids to be applied by drops

Used for ophthalmic use only

The 3 most common disposable syringes