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Phenolbarbital (Luminal)
Uses: Tonic-clonic, seizures, febrile seizures
- ADE: CNS depression, sedation, etc.
- -inducer of drug metabolizing enzymes
- -controlled substance
-
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Uses: Generalized seizures (D:D-Flouroquinolones lower seizure threshold)
- ADE: Nystagmus, diplopia, blur
- -IV & PO forms available
- -Pharmacists assist MDs with serum levels
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Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
- Uses: Generalized seizures (Pro-drug of Phenyltoin)
- -ppts out of soln in 3 min
ADE: Nystagmus, diplopia, Amblyopia
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Carabamazepine (Tegretol)
Uses: Epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder.
- ADE: Anemia, aplastic anemia, GI effects, hepatitis, hyponatremia, blur, diplopia
- -Dr.s are Rx this for weight loss, but not monitoring very well.
-
Valproic Acid (Depakene)
- Uses: Epilepsy, migraine prophylaxis, bipolar disorder.
- -more pts for bipolar disorder
ADE: Hepatic FAILURE, N/V, weight gain, pancreatitis, blood dyscrasias, amblyopia, blur, nystagmus, "seeing spots"
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Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Uses: Epilepsy (adjunct only), neropathic pain.
- ADE: Nystagmus, diplopia, blur, conjunctivitis.
- -never sole Tx adjunct only
-
Lamotrigrine (Lamictal)
Uses: Epilepsy (adjunct only), bipolar disorder.
- ADE: Nystagmus, amblyopia, visual changes
- - never sole Tx Adjunct only
-
Benzodiazepines
(Ativan)
(Valium)
Uses: Status epilepticus, seizures, sedation, muscle relaxant.
ADE: CNS depression, respiratory depression, blur
-
Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Uses: Partial & myoclonic seizures (adjunct only)
ADE: Conjunctivitis, amblyopia, diplopia.
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Topiramate (Topamax)
Uses: Partial & generalized seizures, migraine prophylaxis (Also used for weight loss)
ADE: Conjunctivitis, myopia, diplopia.
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