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What are 4 skin diseases caused by staphylcoccous
Lesion, folliculitis, scalded skin syndrom, toxic shock syndrome
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In nosocomial infections, surgery and implanted devices may lead to ___ formation
Biofilm
-
Biofilms are difficult/easy to treat
Difficult
-
What does MRSA stand for
Methicillin-resistant s. aureus
-
What does MDR stand for
Multiple drug resistance
-
MRSA is difficult to treat because of rapid development of ____
MDR
-
R plasmids are associated with MRSA because of their ___ characteristics
MDR
-
Treatment of MRSA is based on ___ and ___ of carriers from susceptible patients
Hygiene, isolation
-
What are 3 skin infections caused by streptococcal pyrogenes
Erysipelas, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis (EIN� Ew It�s Nasty)
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Strep. Infections must be treated early to prevent ____
Late sequellae
-
Treatments of strep infections include, preventing ___, ___, and early ____
Spreading, quarantine, treatment
-
Strep group A, or ____, are sensitive to PenG
s. pyogenes
-
What are 4 major groups of patients that are at risk for pseudomonas infections
Wound/burn, cystic fibrosis, lasik eye surgery, catheter (WCLC walters corduroys look crazyyy)
-
R plasmids make pseudomonas ___ to many antibiotics
Resistant
-
In treating pseudomonas infections, use __ ___ ___
Combined antibiotic therapy
-
The first classic symptom of lyme disease is the __ __ rash
Bull�s eye
-
It is important to treat lyme disease to prevent ___
Late sequellae
-
Heart ___ abnormalities and ___ are 2 possible late sequallae for lyme disease
Conduction, arthritis
-
In lyme disease, the ___ you make against the borrelia may damage the heart and cause arthritis
Antibodies
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Tetanus is mostly an intoxication, or a ____
Tetanospasmin
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The B part of tetanus AB toxin binds to ___ ____
Presynaptic neurons
-
The A part of tetanus AB toxin releases ___
Neuroinhibitors
-
The tetanus AB toxin causes all muscles to ___
Contract
-
Tetanus is commonly called ___
Lockjaw
-
The AB toxin of tetanus results in ___ ___
Rigid paralysis
-
Tetanus can be controlled by __ and ___
Vaccines, boosters
-
The active vaccine is tetanus ___
Toxoid
-
The tetanus vaccines are commonly called ___ and ___
DTaP and DTI
-
The passive vaccine is tetanus ___ ___
Immune globulin
-
Tetanus immune globulin is an ___ that works only if given early enough
Antitoxin
-
The 2 components of a tetanus shot are ___ and ___
DTaP, TIG
-
What does TIG stand for
Tetanus immune globulin
-
Clostridium perfringens is associated with the disease called ___
Gangrene
-
In gangrene, a ___ that�s produced puts pressure on capillaries, ___ blood flow
Gas, stopping
-
In gangrene, the lack of ___ of tissues leads in tissue ___
Oxygenation, death
-
In gangrene, there is a foul discharge, tissue necrosis, ___, ___, ___
Toxemia, shock, death
-
There are no __ or ___ for gangrene
Vaccines, antitoxins
-
A treatment option for gangrene is ___, or amputation
Debridement
-
___ may be utlized to treat gangrene, but it is not very useful
penicillin
-
A controversial treatment for gangrene is hyperbaric oxygen, or __ __ oxygen
High pressure
-
A symptom of __ __ is a local or disseminated edematous abscess within a few hours of the animal bite
Pasteurella multocida
-
Pasteurella is a major __ pathogen
Animal
-
Most cats and dogs are carriers of __
Pasteurella
-
Another name for bartonella henslae is __-__ ___
Cat-scratch disease
-
Bartonella attaches to cats� ___
RBCs
-
A symptom of cat-scratch disease is pyogenic __ abscess at the bit site
Abscess
-
After 1-7 weeks of initial onset of cat-scratch disease, swollen __ __ are observed
Lymph nodes
-
Cat-scratch disease are transmitted by cat ___
Fleas
-
2 diseases caused by varicella-zoster virus are�
chickenpox and reye�s syndrome
-
chickenpox are characterized by a three stage rash described as�
maculo-papulo-postular (MPP more pox, please)
-
varicella-zoster is contagious __ the rash appears
before (2 days)
-
varicella-zoster is a ___ virus that ___ as shingles
latent, reactivates
-
the varicella-zoster virus is very serious in ___
fetus
-
Reye�s syndrome, in teens, is associated with __
Aspirin
-
The measles are caused by ___
Rubeola
-
Ruboela is a ___, with an evelope and ssRNA
Paramyxovirus
-
What does MMR stand for
Measles, mumps, rubeola
-
For measles, __ are the only host
Humans
-
German measles are caused by ___
Rubella
-
Rubella are small, enveloped ssRNA ___
Togavirus
-
Cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis are symptoms for ___
Measles
-
Rubeola replicates in __ cells
T
-
In (measles/german measles?), humans are the only host
Measles
-
Which has milder symptoms? Rubeola or rubella
Rubella
-
In german measles, ___ transmission is the most serious
vertical
-
congenital __ syndrome is characterized by blindness, deafness, heart disease, and retardation
rubella
-
MMR is a __-injection regimen
2
-
most measles-related deaths are from ___ infections
secondary
-
koplik?s spots in the pharynx are associated with (rubella/rubeola?)
rubeola
-
german measles is most serious for ___
fetus
-
____ causes warts
human papillomavirus
-
HPV is a small, ___ dsDNA virus
Naked
-
Because HPV is a naked virus, it can survive ___ the host, and persists for a __ time
Outside, long
-
____ has an incubation time of up to 18 months
HPV
-
Human papillomavirus replicates in the epithelial cell __
Nuclei
-
___ causes abnormal cell growth that can lead to cancer
HPV
-
Tetanus immune globulin is a type of __ immunity
Passive
-
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is associated with (rubeola/rubella?)
Rubeola
-
Long incubation of HPV means that there is a greater possibility of more __
Carriers
-
____ can cause normal cells in the cervix to become cancerous cells
HPV
-
Diaper rash, thrush, and vaginal yeast infections are caused by ___
Candida albicans
-
Candida albicans is a __ infection
Cutaneous
-
___ can cause an itchy, red, burning sensation
candida albicans
-
dermatophytes are __ infections
tinea
-
in ___, keratinose allows colonization of cutaneous layer
dermatophytes
-
ringworm is caused by ___
dermatophytes
-
___ is introduced to the body by punctures from plant thornws
sporotrichosis
-
in sporotrichous, the spores can transition into __
yeast
-
in sporotrichous, nodules form along the __ vessel
lymphatic
-
sporotrichous symptoms are usually caused by __ bacterial infections
secondary
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