LilleyChpt32 Antidiabetic Drugs

a complex disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting primarily from the lack of insulin secretion by the beta cels of the pancreas or from defects of the insulin receptors

It is commonly referred to simply as diabetes. There are two major types; type 1 and type 2

a sever metabolic complication of uncontrolled diabetes that, if untreated, leads to a diabetic coma and death

diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It may resolve after pregnancy but may also be a precursor of type 2 diabetes in later life

a hormone produced by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans that stimulates the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver

one of the simple sugars that serves as a major source of energy. It is found in foods (fruits, refined sugars), and also is the final breakdown product of complex carbohydrate metabolism in the body

commonly referred to as dextroxe

a polysaccharide that is the major carbohydrate stored in animal cells

hemoglobin molecules to which glucose molecules are bound

There blood levels are used as a diagnostic measure of average daily blood glucose levels in the monitoring of diabetes

also called glycosylated hemoglobin or glycated hemoglobin

a fasting blood glucose level of 126mg/dl or higher or a nonfasting blood glucose level of 200 mg/dl or higher

a metabolic complication of uncontrolled diabetes, similar in severity to diabetic ketoacidosis but without ketosis and acidosis

a blood glucose level of less than 50 mg/dl

a fasting glucose level of at least 110 mg/dl but lower than 126 mg/dl

defines as a prediabetic state that is sometimes call prediabetes

a naturally occuring hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas in response to increased levels of glucose in the blood

organic chemical compounds produced through the oxication of secondary alcohols (fat molecules), including dietary carbohydrates

Chronic excessive intake of water; a common symptom of diabetes

excessive eating; common symptom of diabetes

increased frequency or volume of urinary output; a common symptom of diabetes

diabetes mellitus that is genetically determined autoimmune disorder characterized by a complete or nearly complete lack of insulin production

commonly arises in children and adolescents

a type of diabetes mellitus that most commonly presents in adults

the disease may be controlled by life-style modifications, oral drug therapy, and/or insulin but patients are not necessarily dependent on insulin