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Law
Enforcable rules governing relationships among individuals and between individuals and their society
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Constitutional Law
law as expressed in the constitution
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Statutory Law
laws enacted by legislative bodies at any level of government, such as the statutes passed by congress or by state legislatures
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Uniform Laws
model laws by National conference of commissioners on uniform state laws
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Administrative Law
rules orders and decisions of administrative agencies
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Case Law
doctrines and principles announced in cases goerning all areas not covered by statutory law or administrative law
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Civil Law
rights and duties that exist between persons and between persons and their governments
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Common Law
a body of general rules that applied throughout the entire english realm
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Damages
an amount given to a party whose legal interests have been injured
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Remedy at Law
the legal means to enforce a right or redress a wrong, land ,items of value, or money
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Remedy in equity
equitable remedied, specific performance, injunction, and rescission
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Defendant
the party being sued
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Petitioner
the party bringing a lawsuit
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Plaintiff
the suing party
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Respondent
the party being sued
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Statute of Limitations
bring lawsuits while evidence is fresh, constitutes reasonable time
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Precedent
a decision that furnished a n example or authority for deciding subsequent cases involving identical or similar legal principles or facts
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Stare Decisis
helps the courts to be more efficient because if other courts have carefully analyzed a similar case, their legal reasoning and opinions can serve as guides, also makes laws more stable and predictable
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Legal Reasoning
reasoning process used by judges in deciding what law applies to a given dispute and then applying that law to the specific facts or circumstances of the case
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Restatements of Law
summarize the common law rules followed by most states
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Historical School
emphasizes the evolutionary process of law by concentrating on the orgin and history of the legal system
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Jurisprudence
philosophical approaches to law
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Legal Positivism
believing that there can be no higher law than a nation's positive law
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Natural Law
higher or universal law exsts taht applies to all human beings and that written laws should imitate these inherent principles
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Positivist School
applies only to the citizens of that nation or society and follows legal positivism
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Legal Realism
law is just one of many institutions in society and that it is shaped by social forces and needs
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Procedural Law
all laws that delineate the methods of enforcing the rights established by substantive law
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Sociological School
law is a tool for promoting justice in society
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Substantive Law
laws that define, describe, regulate, and create legal rights and obligations
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Criminal Law
wrongs committed against the public as a whole
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Appellant
the party appealing a case
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