The flashcards below were created by user
shanamd2010
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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Forager
- hunters and gatherers
- moved from place to place where food was plentiful
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Mesoamerica
Mexico and Central America
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Maize cultivation
- began in 3500 BC
- changed these people from hunter-gatherers to farmers
- spread over a wide area by 2000 BCE
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Sedentary Communities
- began to arise with sufficent agriculture
- people began take positions of command
- orchestrated collective construction projects - architecture (usuall religious like pyramids)
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Ceremonial Centers
- The Olmec
- Chavin de Huantar
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Peruvian Andes
- Central Andes
- mountain range that had rivers flowing, enabling Peruvians to grow crops
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archaeology
the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts
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The Olmec
- "people pf the place of rubber" "mother culture" of Mexico
- people living along the tropical coast of the Gulf of Mexico built huge temples - San Lorenzo and La Venta
- stlye mixed jaguar and human faces
- developed tortilla
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Chavin de Huantar
- located in North Peru
- primarily a center of religioous observances at the Old Temple
- art features images of snakes, jaguars, caymans, and tropical crops
- expertise and innovation of textile design
- 200 BCE began to decline (drought?)
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Teotihuancan
- near Mexico city
- "The place of the gods"
- Temple of Quetzalcoatl - human sacrifice
- used military force
- monopoly on obsidian - the sharpest material known at the time
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Religion and agriculture
- religion focused on survival - food, birth, pregnancy
- sophisticated calendars and tracked constellations
- sun and moon became dieties
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Ancient American States
- large and powerful communities
- their rulers were able to appropriate labor and goods for many people pver wide geographical areas
- led to increase if warfare
- none lasted forever
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