Ibus Chap10

Favorable locations in certain countries may give firms operating there an advantage.

Beyond geographic advantages, location-specific advantages also arise from the clustering of economic activities in certain locations.

Firms' quest to pursue natural resources in certain locations.

Firms' quest to go after countries that offer strong demand for their products and services.

Firms' quest to single out the most efficient locations featuring a combination of scale economies and low-cost factors.

Firms target countries and regions renowned for generating world-class innovations.

The difference between two cultures along some identifiable dimensions.

The extent of similarity or dis-similiarity between the regulatory, normative, and cognitive institutions of two countries.

Advantages that first movers obtain and that later movers do not enjoy.

Advantages that later movers obtain and that first movers do not enjoy.

The amount of resources commited to foreign market entry.

The format of foreign market entry.

A mode of entry that tends to reflect relatively smaller commitments to overseas markets.

• A mode of entry that tends to reflect relatively larger, harder commitments to
• overseas markets.

An agreeent in which the liscensor/ franchisor sells the rights to intellectual property such as pataents and know-how to the liscensee and franchisee for a fee.

A project in which clients pay contractors to design and construct new facilities and train personnel.

A nonequity form of entry used to build a longer term precense.

Efforts among a number of firms to jointly market their products and services.

A new corporate entity given birth and jointly owned by two or more parent companies.

A subsidiary located in a foreign country that is entirely owned by the parent multinational.

Building factories and offices from scratch (on kand formerly used for agricultural purposes).