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What is known as all chemical reactions that occur in an organism?
metabolism
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What are two categories of metabolism?
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What kind of reactions is anabolism and catabolism?
- anabolism: building up
- catabolism: breaking down
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What kind of energy use do anabolism and catabolism have?
- anabolism: releases energy
- catabolism: requires energy
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What are the functions of enzymes?
speed up chemical reactions, such as metabolism
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What are enzymes made of?
protein
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When do enzymes denature and lose shape?
- high heat
- low acidic pH
- high alkaline basic pH
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What are two types of enzyme inhibitors?
- competitive inhibitors
- heavy metals
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What do competitive inhbitors do to enzymes?
- antibiotics take shape of received enzyme's food
- stops enzyme from metabolizing for bacteria
- bacteria die
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How do heavy metals inhibit enzymes?
they change the shape of the enzyme so it has no active site
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What are two ways microogranisms produce energy?
- fermentation
- aerobic respiration
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What 3 steps happen in fermentation?
- glycolysis breaks down glucose into ATP and pyruvic acid
- cell combines pyruvic acid with ATP
- produces gas, alcohol, and acid
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What happens in aerobic respiration?
- glycolysis breaks down glucose into ATP and pyruvic acid
- Kreb's cycle seperates pyruvic acid to make ATP, carbon dioxide, and electron pairs
- ETC uses electronic pairs to create CO2 and H2O
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What does ETC stand for, and where is it found?
- electronic transport chain
- aerobic respiration
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How many ATP molecules can fermentation and aerobic repsiration make?
- fermentation: 2
- aerobic repsiration: 38
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How many carbon do glucose and pyruvic acid have?
- glucose: 6 C
- pyruvic acid: 3 C
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