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science 22
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the passing of materials and energy from one organism to another is called
a food chain
the first organism in a food chain is
producer organism
the rest of the organisms in a food chain are the
consumer organisms
what are decomposer organisms
they are usually bacteria or fungi that break down the remains of dead organisms and return this material to the soil
why do the ecosystems not have energy cycles
organisms lose energy that cannot be recovered
name some decomposer organisms
fungi, bacteria
what kind of organisms at the bottom or an ecologial pyramid
producers
about what percent of the energy is transferred from an organism to the organism that eats it
10%
what is the lowest level (1=bottom) in which a carnivore can occur in an ecological pyramid
3 or third from the bottom
when do independent organisms interact with other memebers of their species
for sexual reproduction or mating
which lions defend a pride's territory? which do the most hunting?
the males, the females
what benefits do elephants recieve from living in herds
safety from predators
why might a social insect permanently leave its orginal social group
to mate and form new colonies
_______ may occur when an essential factor is in short supply
competion
in_______, one population benefits and the other is unaffected
commensalism
what do the predator-scavenger relationship and tree-epiphyte relationship have in common
both are commensal relationships
how is warning coloration beneficial to a species
predators avoid species with it
how does the energy in most ecosystems enter the ecosystems
most energy enters ecosystems as sunlight (photosynthesis)
what is the smallest number of species that can be in a food chain that includes a carnivore
3
what do decomposer organisms do
decomposer break down the remains of dead organisms, making those materials available to producers
what is an ecological pyramid
an illustration that ecologists use to show the relationships of energy in a food chain
what is the name given to organisms that eat only plants
herbivores
what is the name given to organisms who eat only meat
carnivore
what is the name of organisms who eat both plants and meat
omnivores
why is it a disavantage for a parastite to kill its host
the parasite will have to find a new host or die
Author
daphnedog17
ID
13464
Card Set
science 22
Description
relationships between organisms
Updated
2010-04-07T18:39:44Z
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