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An antigen that causes a hypersensitive reaction
Allergen
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A protein that is created in response to a specific antigen
Antibody
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A substance, usually a protein, that is capable of stimulating a response from the immune system
Antigen
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Resistance to or protection from a disease
Immunity
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Latex gloves allergy can cause
allergic contact dermatitis
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Soaps allergy can cause
atopic dermatitis (eczema)
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Food allergy can cause
hives
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Insect venom, antibiotics allergy can cause
anaphylaxis
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Pollen, dust allergy can cause
asthma
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What is responsible for the development of resistant bacterial strains
Bacterial cells mutation, overuse of antibiotics
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What are complications for hyperbaric oxygen therapy
ear pain, seizures, bradycardia
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Which meds often place patients at risk for infection?
Steroids and antineoplastics
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What are effects of histamine on the body during anaphylaxis?
Edema and bronchospasm
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A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is anti-inflammatory is
Cortisol
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Cells that are produced to clean up inflammatory debris are
neutrophils
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How much fluid is required by patients with infections
2 L per day
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People with generalized infections become dehydrated because of
fever and anorexia
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Any items that jave been touched or cross contaminated by the host, such as bed linens are called
fomites
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Process of ingesting and digesting invading pathogens, dead cells, and cellular debris
Phagocytosis
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Process of self-recognition that occurs as part of normal neonatal growth and development
Tolerance
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Response when IgM immunoglobins on the surface of B lymphocytes detect a foreign antigen
antibody mediated immunity
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System activated only when needed in response to a specific antigen
acquired immunity
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Response aimed at intracellular defects caused by viruses and cancer; responsible for delayed hypersensitivity reactions and transplant organ tissue rejection
Cell-mediated immunity
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Contains antibody IgA and phagocytes
Respiratory and GI secretions
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What are related to active acquired immunity
when a person produces his or her own antibodies in response to a pathogen, permanent, occurs when given a vaccine, when a person has an infection and produces her own antibodies
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What may cause shift to the right
when body has been overwhelmed by infection or when bone marrow is not producing enough neutrophils
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A class of fatty acids that regulates vasodilation, temperature elevation WBC activation and other immune processes
eicosanoids
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Substances that make the antigen more recognizable to neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages
antibodies
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When there is a breakdown of tolerance, what types of diseases occur?
Autoimmune
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The body�s ability to determine self from nonself is
tolerance
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A blood test that detects antibodies present in the blood that may indicate autoimmune disorder
antinuclear antibody test
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What diagnostic procedure is done to detect and identify microorganisms in the blood
blood culture
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The function of colony stimulating factors is to stimulate the
bone marrow to produce more blood cells
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A condition that puts a patient at increased risk of infection
neutropenia
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A cancer of the WBC in which the bone marrow produces too many immature WBCs
leukemia
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Patient falls below WHAT to institute compromised host precautions
100 absolute neutrophil count
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Leukemia patients with HCT <30 and HBG<10
anemia
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Most dangerous side effect of antineoplastic drugs
bone marrow suppression
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A drug that boosts the body�s natural defenses to combat malignant cells
interferon
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Comp host precautions may be needed for patients with
leukopenia
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What is used to detect CNS, spinal column, neck bones, and joints
MRI
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