Chapter 3

• An invalid argument form:
• If p,then q.
• Q
• Therefore, p.

Thefirst part of a conditional statement (If p, then q.), the component that begins with the word if.

A strong inductive argument with all true premises.

An “if-then” statement; it consist of the antecedent(the part introduced by the word if) and the consequent(the part introduced by the word then).

The part of a conditional statement (if p, then q.) introduced by the word then.

Intended to provide logically conclusive support for its conclusions.

• An individual argument form:
• If p, then q.
• Not p.
• Therefore, q.

A premises that’s depends on at least one other premises to provide joint support to a conclusion. If a dependent premise is removed, the support that its linked dependent premise supply to the conclusion is undermined or completely canceled out.

A valid argument form:

• Either p or q.
• Not p.
• Therefore,q.

• A valid argument made up of three
• hypothetical or conditional statements:

• If p, then q.
• If q, then r.
• Therefore,if p, then r.

A premise that does not depend on other premises to provide support to a conclusion. If an independent premise is removed, the support that other premises supply to the conclusion is not affected.

An argument in which the premises are intended to provide probable, not conclusive, support for its conclusions.[form]

• valid argument form.
• If p, then q.
• P.
• Therefore, q