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Malaria afflicts _________ individuals world-wide with _______ deaths per year.
About 500 million; 2 million
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Malaria is caused by which parasite and what is it generally carried by?
Plasmodium falciparum; Anopheline mosquito
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What populations are particularly sensitive to malaria?
Children < 5 yoa, pregnant women and non-immune individuals.
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What interrupted the transimission of malaria in the USA in the 1950s?
DDT and other pesticide use controlling mosquitoes
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What causes all cases of malaria within the USA today?
Exposure outside the country.
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Name the three cities/states with the highest number of reported cases of malaria in 2007.
NYC, California and Texas (where most people from outside the country visit)
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When are the symptoms of malaria most pronounced?
During disruption of the erythrocytes.
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What are the symptoms of malaria?
Headache, fever, muscular fatigue and pain, back pain, chills, sweating, dry cough, spleen enlargement, and n/v.
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Plasmodium infection transmission is by blood transfer, primarily by the mosquito bite of the _______________.
female Anopheline
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What in the Anopheline salivary glands enters the body and homes to the liver?
Sporozoites
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Within the liver, sporozoites transform into tissue ______ and ________.
schizonts; multiply
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How long does the liver stage last? What symptoms are usually present?
5 to 15 days. Generally asymptomatic depending on which of 4 Plasmodium species involved.
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During which phase do tissue schizonts rupture, each releasing thousands of merozoites that enter the RBCs?
Erythrocytic Phase
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Merozoites asexually develop into ______ and then mature ______.
trophozoites; schizonts
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During the erythrocytic phase, when RBCs rupture, what are released?
Merozoites, which can infect other erythrocytes
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What type of attaches can result from rupture of the erythrocytes?
Febrile
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Put the following in order based on which comes first: tissue schizonts, trophozoites, merozoites, mature schizonts, sporozoites
Sporozoites transform into tissue schizonts in the liver, tissue schizonts rupture and release merozoites, merozoites asexually develop into trophozoites then mature schizonts.
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