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Temporary cessation of breathing
Apnea
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abnormal increase in clarity of transmitted voice sounds
bronchophony
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direct examination of larynx, trachea, and bronchi using an endoscope
bronchoscopy
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short hair that provide a constant whipping motion that serves to propel mucus and foreign substances away from the lung toward the larynx
cilia
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measure of the force required to expand or inflate the lungs
compliance
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soft, high-pitched, discontinuous popping sound auring inspiration caused by delayed reopening of the airways
crackles
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exchange of gas molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
diffusion
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labored breathing or shortness of breath
dyspnea
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abnormal changes in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating lungs
egophony
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vibrations of speech felt as tremors of chest wall during palpation
fremitus
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expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract
hemoptysis
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decrease in arterial oxygen tension in the blood
hypoxemia
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continous muscial sounds associated with airway narrowing or partial obstruction
wheezes
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movement of air in and out of the airways
ventilation
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volume of air inspired and expired with each breath during normal breathing
tidal volume
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abnormally rapid respirations
tachypnea
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harsh high-pitched sound heard on inspiration , usually without need of stethoscope, secondary to upper airway obstruction
stridor
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low-pitched wheezing or snoring sound associated with partial airway obstruction, heard on chest auscultation
rhonchi
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gas exchange between atmospheric air and the blood between the blood and cells of the body
respiration
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blodd flow through the pulmonary vasculature
pulmonary perfusion
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portion of the tracheobronchial tree that does not participate in gas exchange
physiologic dead space
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percentage of hemoglobin that is bound
oxygen saturation
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inability to breathee easily except in tn upright position
othopnea
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temporary absence of breathing during sleep secondary to transient upper airwar obstruction
Obstructive Sleep Apena
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