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Lipids and Lipoproteins

  1. What is Lipids?
    Any heterogenous group of fats and fat-like substance that is water-insoluble and extractable by solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene, ect
  2. Lipids is commonly referred to as ?
    fats
  3. Lipids is a rich source of energy and an efficient way for what?
    the body to store excess calories
  4. Lipids plays an important structural role in what?
    cells
  5. What are 4 classes of Lipids?
    • -fatty acids
    • -tryglycerides
    • -cholesterol
    • -phospholipids
  6. Fatty acids are linear chain of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds that terminate with what group?
    carboxyl group (-COOH)
  7. Straight chain compounds with even number of carbon are what type of acids?
    most dietary fatty acids
  8. Some fatty acids are not all fully saturated with what type of atoms?
    Hydrogen; some form carbon-carbon (C=C) bonds
  9. The number of double-bonds in the molecule are depended on what?
    • -saturated
    • -monounsaturated
    • -polyunsaturated
  10. How many bonds does a saturated fatty acid have?
    No double bonds
  11. How many bonds does a monounsaturated fatty acid have?
    One double bond
  12. How many bonds does a polyunsaturated fatty acid have?
    2 or more double bonds
  13. Which lipid contains Glycerol(alcohol) + 3 fatty acids?
    Triglycerides
  14. Triglycerides allow for ____ energy storage within the body.
    "compact"
  15. Source of triglycerides can be either?
    exogenous or endogenous
  16. Triglycerides can be transported by what?
    Chylomicrons and Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)
  17. Triglycerides provide insulation to what?
    vital organs in form of fat deposits in adipose cells
  18. What promotes triglycerides breakdown when the cells need energy glucose stores have been depleted?
    Epinephrine and Cortisol(adrenal)
  19. Which lipid is unsaturated steroid alcohol of molecular weight?
    Cholesterol
  20. Cholesterol consist of how many rings and carbon atoms?
    4 rings(perhydrocyclopentathroline) and a side chain of 8
  21. Cholesterol is not readily what by most cells?
    catabolized
  22. Cholesterol is found exclusively in what?
    animals
  23. Cholesterol uses what?
    • -manufacture and repair of cell membrane
    • -synthesis and repair of bile acids and vitamin D.
    • -precursor of 5 major classes of steroid hormones
  24. Name the 5 major classes of steroid hormones.
    • -Progestins
    • -Glucocorticoids
    • -mineralcorticoids
    • -androgens
    • -estrogens
  25. Unsaturated steroid alcohol contains how many rings and chain tail?
    4 rings, it has a single C-H side chain tail
  26. In phospholipids, amphipathic contains what?
    both polar hydrophilic group and hydrophobic fatty side chain
  27. Phospholipids is formed by what?
    the conjugation of 2 fatty acids and a phosphate functional group
  28. Phospholipids acts as what?
    detergents
  29. Phospholipids are particularly suited to serve as what?
    major constituent of biologic interfaces, such as cell memebrane and the outer shells of lipoproteins
  30. Cell membranes are made mostly of what?
    phospholipids arranged in double layer w/ the tails "inside" and the heads facing "out"
  31. Phopholipids arranged in double layer occurs when exposed to what?
    an aqueous environment
  32. What is any of the lipid-protein complexes in which lipids are transported in the blood stream?
    lipoproteins
  33. Lipoproteins is what shape and size?
    typically spherical and range from 10-1200nm
  34. What is composed of both lipids and proteins?
    apolipoproteins
  35. Apoproteins is primarily located on the surface of what?
    lipoprotein particle
  36. Apoprotein help maintain what?
    structural intergrity of lipoproteins
Author
babybless88
ID
13349
Card Set
Lipids and Lipoproteins
Description
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