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what are some uses of alginic acid?
addtives in dehydrated products, gelling agents, impression (making materials in dentistry), emulsion (ice cream/cosmetics)
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characteristics of oomycetes
unicellular and multicellular, lack chloroplasts, absorptive heterotrophs, decomposers, plant parasitic
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what are coenocytic with threadlike hyphae? ex: water mold on dead fish
oomycete
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what does it mean when a cell is not divided into individual sections, 1 big cell with multiple nuclei
coenocytic
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what is the cell walls of fungi made of and what kind of cell are they?
chitin/haploid
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what is an oomycete and what are there cells walls made of?
diploid/cellulose
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how are oomycetes distributed?
freshwater, terrestrial (moist areas) (on land-downy mildew, on water- slime mold)
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what caused the potato famine in Ireland?
phytophthora infestations
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what are the five clades of plantae?
glaucophytes, red algae, land plants, chlorophytes, charophytes
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how were chloroplasts derived in plantae?
primary endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium
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what gave rise to alveolates and stramenopolies chloroplasts?
secondary endosymbiosis
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what gave rise to excavate chloroplasts
secondary endosymbiosis
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characteristics of glaucophytes
unicellular, freshwater, photosynthetic pigments,
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what are the photosynthetic pigments of glaucophytes?
chlorophyll a, carotenoids
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importance of glaucophytes
only plant/alga group whose chloroplasts have peptidoglycan
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characteristics of red algae
multicellular, filamentous or leaflike blades, marine, among deepest photosynthesizers, some of reef builders that secrete CaCO3
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what are the photosynthetic pigments of red algae?
chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, phycoerithryn (absorb blue wavelength of water)
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how does red algae store food?
as floridean starches
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examples of red algae
chondrus, polysephonia
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commercial uses of red algae
carrageenan (thickener in ice cream), agar (microbial growth medium), nori (source of food in Asia)
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divisions of green algae
chlorophytes, charophytes
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characteristics of chlorophytes
unicellular or multicellular (colonial, filamentous or leaf like blades), photosynthetic pigment
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how do chlorophytes store food?
starch
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how are chlorophytes distributed?
marine (most), freshwater, and terrestrial
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what are the chlorophytes photosynthetic pigments?
chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids
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what are important photosynthesizers (primary producers) in aquatic ecosystems
chlorophytes
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examples of green algae
chlamydomonus, pleurococcus, "moss", oedogonium (filamentous), volvox, ulva
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what characteristics are different in charophytes than in chlorophytes?
unicellular or multicellular filaments, freshwater and terrestrial,
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what is the importance of charophytes?
closest relatives to land plants ex: spirogyra, chara
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