Apush CHapter 23 reading check

the democratic candidate who didn't accept a redemtion-of-greenbacks-for-maximum-value plateform, and thus doomed his party

In 1869, the pair concocted a plot to corner the gold market that would only work if the treasury stopped selling gold, so they worked on President Grant directly and through his brother-in-law, but thier plan failed with the treasury sold gold

(AKA, "Tammany Hall") of NYC headed by "Boss" Tweed, employed bribery, graft, and fake elections to cheat the city of as much as $200 million

gained fam by leading the prosecution of Tweed, and he would later use this fame to become the Democratic nominee in the presidential election of 1876

political cartoonist, constantly drew against Tammany's corruption

a railroad contruction company that paid itself huge sums of money for small railroad contruction, tarred Grant

In 1876 this Secretary of War William Belknap was shown to have pocketed some $24,000 by selling junk to Indians

reformers organized the Liberal Republican Party and nominated the dogmatic _________

in 1872, the Republican Congress passed this general act that removed polital disabilities from all but some 500 former Confederate leaders

• In 1873, this paralyzing panic broke out, caused by too many railroads and factories being formed than existing markets could bear and the over-loaning by banks to those projects
• Over speculation
• Too-easy credit

It first started with the failure of the New York banking firm Jay Cook & Company, which was headed by the rich Jay Cooke, a financier of the Civil War

wanted greenbacks to be printed in mass again, to create inflation

pledged the government to further withdraw greenbacks and made all further redemption of paper money in gold at face value, starting 1879

In 1878, this act instructed the Treasury to buy and coin between $2 million anf $4 million worth of silver bullion each month.

The republican hard-money policy, unfortunatly for it, led to the election of a Democratic House of Representatives in1874 and spawned the this party in 1878

an organization made up of former Union veterans

• traced their lineage to Puritanism
• had strong votes in the north and the west and from G.A.R.

• were more like Lutherans and Roman Catholics
• had strong support in the South

In the 1870s and the 1880s, Republican infighting was lead by rivals Conkling(Stalwarts) and Blaine(Half-Breeds), who bickered and deadlocked their party

• Rupublicans nominated Rutherford B. Hayes, while Democrates ran Samuel Tilden
• Election was very close with Tilden getting 184 votes out of a needed 185 in the electoral college
• Louisiana, South Carolina, Florida, and part of Oregon were unsure and disputed

• Hayes became president as part of this compromise
• For the north- Hayes would become president if he agreed to remove troops remained (Lousiana and South Carolina)
• For the south- military rule and reconstruction ended when the military pulled out of the south (abandoned blacks)

In 1896 the Supreme Court ruled this case "seperate but equal" facilities were constitutional

Sharecroppers(providing nothing but labor) or tenant farmers (if they could provide their own tools)

• in 1877, the presidents of the nation's four largest railroads decided to cut wages by 10%. Workers struck back, stopping work, and when President Hayes sent troops to stop this, violence erupted, and more than 100 people died in the several weeks of chaos
• failure was caused by friction between races

In San Francisco, this fool incited his followers to terrorize the Chinese

pass in 1882, was passed, barring any Chinese from entering the United States- the first law limiting immigration

In 1880, the Republicans nominated this guy, a man from Ohio who had risen to the rank of major general in the Civil War, and as his running mate, a notorious Stalwart (supporter of Roscoe COnkling) was chosen: Chester A. Arthur of New York

The democrates chose this guy, a civil war general who appealed to the south due to his fair treatment of it during Reconstruction

Garfield won

Garfield died after having been shot in the heaed by a crazy but disappointed office seeker, this guy, who after being captured, used an early version of the "insanity defense" to avoid conviction (he was hanged anyway)

the so-called Magna Charta of civil service reform (awarding of government jobs based on ability, not just because a buddy awarded the job) prohibited financial assessments on jobholders, including lowly srubwomen, and established a merit system of making appointments to office on the basis of aptitude rather than "pull"

charded administering open competitive service, and offices not "classified" by the president remained the fought-over footballs of politics

Republican reformers, unable to stomach James G. Blain, switched to the Democratic Party and were called this

The new Speaker of the House, during the billion Dollar Congress

created from the tariff surplus, it lefistlated many expensive projects

• emerged in 1892 from digruntled farmers
• called for a litany of items including: a graduated income tax, government regulation of railroads and telegraphs?telephones, direct elections of U.S. senators, a one term limit, initiative and regerendum, a shorter workday, and immigration restriction

advocating "free silver" and gaining support for his belief before Cleveland used his executive power to break the filibuster in the Senate