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What is the location of the cardio inhibitory and vasomotor centers in the brain?
medulla
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Cholinergic effects on the heart include any of the following...
decreased AV nodal conduction, hyperpolarization, decreased SA nodal frequency of discharge
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All the following are part of Beta 1 noradrenergic action
increased stroke volume, increased permeability to calcium at the AV node, increase permeability to sodium at the SA node, faster depolarization of the SA node
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An angiogram shows that the right circumflex artery is occluded by plaque and has about 25% of its normal radius. What would this do to cardiac blood flow in that vessel?
decreased by 256 times
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Which of the following is nonfunctional in a slow response cardiac myocyte?
a fast Na+ channel
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An elevation of systolic blood pressure is predicted with which of the following?
drugs like ephedra which increase calcium within the cardiac myocytes and incrased myocardial contractility
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what is polycythemia vera?
excess RBC's with unknown orgin
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a strong , surging pulse:
occurs when systole increases and diastole decreases
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Based on the Frank-Starling mechanism, an increase of venous return will create:
enhanced myocardial contractility and increased storke volume
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any of the following can produce clinically significant changes in blood viscosity
red cell doping, a patient with aplastic anemia, in infant with severe and prolonged diarrhea
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for any given total body water, diastolic blood pressure is most dependant upon:
total peripheral resistance
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What impact do vagal nerves have on the heart?
slow the rate of SA node discharge and slow the rate of AV node conduction
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Poiseulle's Law of hemodynamics can be reduced to Ohm's Laaw of electrical current flow to obtain an expression appropriate for blood flow. which would best express this law?
Mean Arterial Pressure= Cardiac Output X Total Periphearl Resistance (MAP=COxTPR)
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Grip strength can be reduced upon cold water immersion of the hand. should a palmar arteriole tighten under such conditions to 50% of its original radius, by what degree would blood flow have been reduced in that vessel?
16x
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Pick out the regions of the body where the arteries and the veins have a relatively equal innervation of sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
alimentary tract, face, and external genitalia
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what flow characteristic does a bruit share in common with the Korotokoff Sounds?
turbulence
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Catecholamines acting on alpha receptors will:
constrict coronary arterioles
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systolic blood pressure should increase with:
increased venous return and increased secretion of epinephrine
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arteriolar autoregulation occurs by any of the following
CO2 levels, liberated tissue K+, tissue hyoxia
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A human heart transplant which is not iced is likely to have a higher than average rate of beating because of:
spontaneous diastolic depolorazation
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Excessive vasoconstrition in response to cold temperature is:
Raynaud's disease
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the precapillary sphincter is not innervated. Which of the following would cause this ring of smooth muscle to relax and open so that the vessel increases flow?
levels of CO2 building in the tissue area and release of NO from the endothelium
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Monoamine oxidase Inhibitors(MAO inhibitors) are prescribed as third line pharmacological therapeutics for severe clincal depression. these agents operate by causing an accumulation of norepinephrine in the brain. When these levels build to the point of spill-over into the systemic circulation, they could cause:
tachycardia, hypertension
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When ice is applied to the skin for longer tahn 30 minutes, the area shows signs of:
erythema, and reactive hyperemia
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under which of the following conditions might we expect that heart rate and pulse rate would differ?
with atrial fibrillation and with vascular occlusion
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which cardiac myocytes have the fastest rate of conduction?
SA node
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ejection fraction:
compares stroke volume to end diastolic volume
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regarding changes in blood flow during a vigorous full body workout:
brain blood flow is constant, kidney blood flow declines, and gastrointenstinal organs get less blood
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Vital Signs:
body temp, height, weight, BP, resp. Rate, pulse Rate
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boderline hypertensive
140/90
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