a variation of Freud's psychoanalysis introduced by Carl Jung. focusing less on biological drives and more on factors such as self fulfullment, the collective unconscious, and religious symbolism
Epidemiology
text: the study of the frequency and distribution of illness in a population
incidence: number of new cases in a given time
prevalence: rate of all cases (new and old) in a given timelifetime prevalence: proportion in a population who have ever had a given disorderrisk factor: characteristic that increases the likelihood of a disorder
vulnerabilities vs. risk factors
Robins and Guze (1970)
Establishing Clinical (Diagnostic) Validity in Psychiatric Research
clinical description
elimitation from other disorders,
follow-up studies
family studies
Feighner (1972)
extended the Robins and Guze model to 14 psychiatric disorders (Feigner Criteria)
What is a disease?
any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs and whose etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.
Behavorism
focuses on observable behavior rather than on conciousness or mental functioning
-classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-modeling
Watson
Classical Conditioning
ex. dog salivates when bell rings.
Operant conditioning
positive and negative reinforcement
B.F. Skinner
Modeling
we learn by watching and imitating others
behavioral therapy
-systematic desensitization
1)deep muscle relaxation
2) gradual exposure to a list of feared situations, starting w/ those that arouse minimal anziety and progressing to those that are the most frightening.
Joseph Wolpe
psychoanalytic theory
theory originating with Frued that psychopathology results from unconscious conflucts in the individual
1.3
___ developed the concept of the collective unconscious;
____ developed the technique of free association;
____is associated with individual psychology
Jung
Freud
Adler
the __ is driven by the pleasure principle, but the __ is driven by the reality principle
id
ego
In psychoanalysis, ____ refers to interpreting the relationship between therapist and client as indicative of the clients relationship to others.
transference
T or F a cat comes running at the sound of a treat jar rattling, and his human gices him a treat. the conditioned stimulus in this ecample is teh sound of the jar rattling
True
Structured clinical interviews
structured clinical interviews yield good reliability for current diagnosis but poor reliability for lifetime prevalence
*reliability for unstructured diagnostic approaches is worse, oftentimes far worse