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Parkinsons Disease
S/S
- affects brain neurons in part of brain that controls muscles
- possible genetic factors combined w/environmental exposure
- onset age 40-70, can live 20-30 years with disease
- neurons that make dopamine die or quit working (dopamine send signals that coordinate muscles)
- shaky arms, hands, legs, jaw & face
- stiffness of arms, legs & trunk
- slow movement
- poor balance & coordination
- leads to trouble walking & talking
- depression, sleep problems, trouble eating chewing and sleeping
- secondary is caused by tumors or drugs
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5 Stages of Parkinsons Disease
- 1. Initial: one limb, minimal weakness, hand & arm trembling
- 2. Mild: 2 limbs, masklike face, slow shuffling gait
- 3. Moderate: postural instability, increased gait disturbances
- 4. Severe: akinesia, rigidity
- 5. Complete ADL dependence
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Key features of Parkinsons Disease
- THINK ZOMBIE!
- slumped posture
- shuffley steps
- slurred, soft "parrot" speech
- stiff muscles
- autonomic dysfunction
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Non surgical treatment of Parkinsons Disease
Surgical treatment
- NONSURGICAL: drugs to treat symptoms-no cure
- dopamine agonists: Mirapex, Requip, Sinemet
- (side effects: ortho hype, hallucinations, drowsiness, given before meals
- Surgical: last resort when drugs fail
- Stereotactic Pallidotomy: probe in pallidum, destroy tissue
- Thalamotomy: open thalamus & high frequency currents destroy tissue
- Deep Brain Stimulation:pacemaker for bain
- Fetal Tissue Transplant
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