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ambulatory
able to move about, not confined to a bed
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aneurysm
widening of a blood vessel due to pressure on weakened tissues causing formation of a sac of blood that may become clotted
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aphagia
inability to swallow
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aphasia
inability to express oneself through speech
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arrhythmia
irregularity or loss of rhythm, usually of the heartbeat
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ascites
accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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arthralgia
pain in a joint
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ataxia
failure of muscle coordination, such as staggering gait
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atelectasis
a collapsed or airless condition of the lung
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aural
pertaining to the ear
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axilla
pertaining to the armpit
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auscultation
process of listening for sounds within the body
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bruit
murmur or sound heard in auscultation
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buccal
pertaining to the cheek or mouth
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cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart
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caries
gradual decay of soft, bony tissue, or a tooth
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cellulitis
an infection in or close to the skin
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cholecystectomy
surgical removal of the gallbladder
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cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
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cholelithiasis
gallbladder calculi (stone)
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conjunctiva
lining of the eyelid
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creptitus
a grating or crackling sound or sensation
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debridement
removal of foreign matter or dead tissue from a wound
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diaphoresis
excessive or profuse sweating or perspiration
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differential diagnosis
a diagnosis of symptoms of two or more diseases by comparison
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dysarthria
speech problem due to weakness, paralysis, muscular uncoordination
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dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
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dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
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dysphasia
impairment of speech
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dyspnea
difficult and labored breathing, shortness of breath
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dysuria
painful urination
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ecchymosis
bruise, discolored area of the skin caused by bleeding underneath
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effusion
escape of fluid into a part, as in pleural cavity or a joint
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embolism
obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot of blood or foreign substance
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erythema
redness of skin caused by capillary congestion, irritation
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exudates
production of pus or serum
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fluorescein
dye used in eye exam to observe corneal abnormalities, foreign bodies
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fundus
bottom of internal surface of hollow organ (eye)
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gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
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gastroenteritis
inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines
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hematemesis
vomiting blood
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hematochezia
blood in stool
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hematoma
swelling of blood in organ or tissue, bruise
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hemoptysis
spitting of blood, blood stained sputum
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hemorrhage
excessive or profuse bleeding
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hemorrhoids
a mass of dilated veins in the anorectum, can be internal or external
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hepatosplenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen and liver
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hypovolemia
low blood volume, due to blood loss, shock or dehydration
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infarct
necrotic area of tissue following cessation of the blood supply
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inguinal
pertaining to the groin region
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kyphotic
exaggeration or angulation of normal posterior curve of spine
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labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear
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ligament
fibrous tissue, binding bones together
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lithiasis
formation of calculi and concretions (stones)
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lymphadenopathy
enlargement of a lymph node (anterior, posterior)
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malaise
generalized discomfort or weakness
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malleolus
projection on either side of the ankle joint from lower leg bones
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mastectomy
surgical excision of the breast
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meningitis
inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain; viral or bacterial
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metastasis
change in manifestation of disease from one organ to another
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nephrectomy
surgical excision of the kidney
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nystagmus
involuntary rapid eye movements
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orthopnea
difficulty breathing in any but erect sitting or standing position
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palpable
able to be touched or easily perceived
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papules
a small, inflammatory, congested spot on the skin, a pimple
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para
number of viable offspring born to a woman
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paresthesias
numbness or tingling
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petechiae
small red spots on the skin
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pharyngitis
inflammation of pharynx with pain in the throat
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photophobia
abnormal intolerance to light
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pleural effusion
collection of fluid in the pleural space
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pneumothorax
air or gas in pleural space
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polyuria
excessive urination, like in DM
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polydipsia
excessive thirst
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post-prandial
after eating
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post-tussive
after coughing
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purulent
resembling pus, consisting of pus
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rale
abnormal respiratory sound heard upon auscultation
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renal
pertaining to the kidneys
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rhinorrhea
thin, watery discharge from the nose
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rhonchi
a whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when air channels are partially obstructed
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sciatic
pertaining to the ischium or hip
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sepsis
presence of pathological microorganisms or their toxins in the blood
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serous
serum-like substance
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sputum
expectorant through the mouth, thick mucus
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stenosis
narrowing of a body opening or passage
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stridor
harsh or high-pitched respiratory sound caused by obstruction of the air passages
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syncope
loss of consciousness, faint
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tachycardia
abnormal rapid heart beat
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tachypnea
abnormally rapid heart beat
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tinnitus
ringing of the ears
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turgor
condition of being distended or swollen, normal fullness
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urticaria
hives, area either redder or paler than surrounding skin with itching
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vesicle
a blister-like small elevation of the skin containing serous fluid
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wheeze
difficulty breathing with a whistling sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passage
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