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Viderunt Omnes by Léonin: From what book does this piece come?
Magnus Liber Organi
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Viderunt Omnes by Léonin: Define florid organum
Made from syllabic/neumatic solo chant, no rhythm, many notes in upper voice for every note in tenor
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Viderunt Omnes by Léonin: Define discant polyphony
Made from melismatic solo chant, has rhythm, note-against-note.
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Viderunt Omnes by Léonin: Name three ways that this piece is typical of the Notre Dame polyphony
Florid organum and discant poluphone, much dionance and syncopation, written above original chant.
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Viderunt Omnes by Léonin: Give a day for it's composition
1175, but it appeared in the Magnus Liber Organi in 1240
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Define Ars Nova
- Time period: 1300-1370
- A treatise written by Phillippe Vitry
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Define rondeau
ABaAabAB, French, 1 of the 3 frome fixes. Machaut
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Define the Proper
Part of the mass that changed daily Intro, Gradual, Alleluia, "sequence," offertory, communion. Léonin and Pérotin
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Define the Rhythmic Modes
- System created by Léonin and Pérotin during Notre Dame school in Paris.
- 1) Quarter-Eighth. 2) Eighth-Quarter. 3) Dotted Quarter-Eighth-Quarter. 4) Eighth-Quarter-Dotted Quarter. 5) Three Dotter Quarters. 6) Three Eighths
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Define Ballade
French, in forme fixes, musical rhyme, aab, Philippus de Casetra, melismatic
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Define Canzo
Trobadour song, fin'amor, Conterrs de Dia/Bernart de Ventadorn
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Define sequence
Added later to litergy after the alleluia. Wipo of Burgundy
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Define isorhythm
Long sections of repeated rhythm. Talea - Repeated rhythmic and mandatory for isorhythm. Color - repeated melodic patterns and is NOT mandatory for isorhythm.
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Name one piece and it's composer that we studied in class that uses isorhythm.
- Vitry- In arboris/Tuba sacre fedei/rigor sum
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- Machaut- La messe de notre Dame: Kyrie
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Name two musical characteristics of Trouadours, Trobairitz, and/or Trouvere music
About fin'amor, no rhythm, strophic, monophonis, French
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Where and when were the Troubadours and Trouveres active?
- Troubadours: 1100-1215 in Southern France
- Trouveres: 1180-1300 in Northern France
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Two books of the Mass
Graduale and the Missle
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Two books of the office
Antiphonale and the Breviary
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Three kinds of additions to the Liturgy
Prosula, Melodia, and Trope
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Define Trope
Addition of text and music
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Define Melodia
Addition of music only
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Define Prosula
Addition of text only
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What are the three styles of Italian secular music?
Madrigal, Ballata, and the Caccia.
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Describe the Madrigal and provide an example
Flourished thoughout the 14th C. Abb. No musical rhyme. The b section is called the ritarnello, it's in a different meter, and has a closed ending. Von al sue Amante by Jacopo de Bologna.
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Describe a Ballata and provide an example
Flourished in the second half of the 14th C. AbbaA. THe be section has an open ending and then a closed ending. Written in Italian. Melismatic. Non Avrà Ma' Pietà by Fransesco Landini.
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Describe a Caccia and provide an example
No official form. Two parts. The b section is called a ritanello. A strict canon. Melismatic. Flourished 1325-1375. Tosto Che L'alba by Gherardello de Firenze.
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