-
What was the earliest civilization?
Mesopotamia
-
what is the stage of human development at which
writing and the keeping of written records is attained.
civilization
-
what is city in latin?
cives
-
what is the study of civilized man kind?
history
-
what always leads to a population explosion?
agriculture
-
what kinds of people traveled in small groups of 30 to 50?
nomads
-
what were people called before they discovered agriculture?
hunter gatherers
-
what kind of lifestyle did people lead after they discovered agriculture?
sedentary
-
what happens when people become sedentary?
technology increases and people accumulate stuff
-
what was the land between the 2 rivers (tigris and euphrates)?
Mesopotamia
-
what did the Mesopotamians develop that helped agriculture?
irrigation
-
what 5 things did Mesopotamia develop?
irrigation, ability to work with metals, writing, wheel, Sumer
-
what metal was melted together from copper and tin and used to make tools?
bronze
-
what was the wedge shaped writing that was written with a stylus by mesopotamians?
cuneiform
-
what important invention was used for transportation and tools and the first were used for pottery?
the wheel
-
what was the first civilization created by the Mesopotamians in the desert which experienced droughts and earthquakes?
Sumer
-
4 famous Sumerian cities
Ur, Uruk, Lagash, and Nippur
-
what type of religion did Sumerians have?
polytheistic (many gods)
-
who was the fertility goddess?
Istar
-
what was the stepped pyramid called?
ziggurat
-
who were the first to brew beer?
Sumerians
-
what is it called when societies have different levels of social classes?
stratified society
-
what were the 3 paths to slavery?
birth, prisoner of war, debt slavery
-
what are the 5 functions of a king?
warrior/hunter, law giver, chief justice, chief priest, patron/builder
-
who ruled around 2334 b.c. and moved down from central Mesopotamia and conquered all of Sumer. also built worlds 1st empire and conquered people of different ethnicities and cultures?
Sargon of Akkos
-
who arose from humble origin to become king and conquerer, blended Sumerian and Akkadian culture, and borrowed and adapted ideas from Sumerians, and put Akkadians in charge of Sumerian cities
still Sargon of Akkad
-
what happened to the Akkadian empire after Sargon's sons took over?
it was divided and eventually fell apart
-
what happened to cities after Akkadian empire fell apart?
they became independant with UR as a dominant force
-
who was the powerful Babylonian emperor with the biggest empire
Hammurabi
-
what is Hammurabi most known for?
his law code which was written down and distributed throughout the kingdom
-
what were the stone slabs called which created a sense of permanence?
Stele
-
how was Hammurabis law code?
Harsh (eye for an eye), not equal (social distinctions), power was not exercised arbitrarily
-
what happened after Hammurabi died?
the empire fell apart, sons couldnt rule
-
who conquered after Hammurabis sons?
Hittities (of southern Turkey)
-
what helped the Hittites conquer?
they had horses and a superior military force
-
who was involved in the battle of Kadesh?
Hittites and Egyptians
-
who were the major powers after Hittites?
Assyrians, then Neobabylonians
-
what did King Nebuchanezar create for his wife?
the Hanging Gardens of Babylon
-
what is called the gift of the nile?
Egypt
-
what extends from the Mediterranean sea to the First Cataract (waterfall or rapid)
the Nile
-
what helped Egypt produce more crops?
the flooding from the Nile
-
describe Egypts religion
polytheistic and zoomorphic (half human, half animal god)
-
who was the alligator god who was connected with the nile
SOBEK
-
which goddess was symbolized by a cat, was a mother figure that protected the pharoah and fertility
Bast
-
who was the first pharoah?
Menes
-
how are pharoahs different from kings?
they arent warriors
-
what is it called when power is passed down through family?
dynasty
-
what were the elaborate tombs for pharoahs?
pyramids
-
what two things were the pharoahs responsible for?
annual flooding of the Nile and MA'AT (harmony, order)
-
what were the regional governors called who had regions called NOMES
NOMARCHS
-
outside invaders that took over Egypt and introduced chariots and bronze?
HYKSOS
-
who drove out the HYKSOS and started the new kingdom?
Ahmose I
-
who did Hebrews supposedly come from?
Hyksos
-
what happened in the New Kingdom battle of Kadesh?
Ahmose kicked out the Hyksos
-
what happened during the new Kingdom?
city walls were created and expansion
-
who was the female pharoah that was interested in gov't as a child?
Hatshepsut
-
who runs the kingdom until pharoah is old enough?
regent
-
who was the unusual pharoah who became Akonaten?
Amenhotep
-
what does Akonaten mean?
"pleasing to Akon (the sun god)"
-
what did Akenaten forbid people from doing?
worshipping gods other than Akon
-
who was Akenatens wife who was also worshipped?
Nefertiri
-
who was Akenaten's famous son?
King Tutenkamen "king Tut"
|
|
