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Origin and Insertion
1) The immovable end of a muscle is the __, while the movable end is the __; __ pulls the __toward the __.
- origin
- insertion
- contraction
- insertion
- origin
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B. Interaction of Skeletal Muscles
1) Of agroup of muscles, the onedoing th majority of the work is the __.
2) Helper muscles are called__; opposing muscles are called __.
- prime mover
- synergists
- antagonists
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What are muscles named according to?
- any of the following:
- - size
- - shape
- - location
- - action
- - number of attachments
- - direction of its fibers
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Muscles of Facial Expression
1) Muscles of facial expression attach to underlying __ and overlying __ of __, and are responsible for what?
2) Major muscles include: __(6).
- bones
- connective tissue of skin
- variety of facial expressions possible in the human face
- 1) epicranius (frontalis and occipitalis)
- 2) orbicularis oculi
- 3) orbicularis oris
- 4) buccinator
- 5) zygomatigus
- 6) platysma
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Muscles of Mastication
1) __movements include __ and __ as well as __ to __ __ motions of muscles attached to the __ and __.
- chewing
- up and down
- side to side grinding
- skull
- lower jaw
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Muscles that Move the Head
1) Paired muscles in the neck and back __, __ and __ the head.
2) Major muscles include: __
- flex
- extend
- turn
- sternocleidomastoid
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Muscles that Move the Pectoral Girdle
1) The __ and__ muscles move the __.
2) Major muscles include the: __.
- chest
- shoulder
- scapula
- trapezius
-
Muscles that Move the Arm
1) Muscles connect the arm to the __, __, and __ making the arm freely movable.
2) __ includethe __.
3) __ include the __.
4) __ include the __.
5) There are also __.
- pectoral girdle, ribs, vertebral column
- flexors, pectoralis major
- extensors, latissimusdorsi
- abductors, deltoid
- rotators
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Muscles that Move the Forearm
1) These muscles arise from the __ or __ and connect to the __ and __.
2) __ are the __.
3) An __ is the __.
- humerus
- pectoral girdle
- ulna
- radius
- flexors
- biceps brachii
- extensor
- triceps brachii muscle
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H. Muscles that Move the Wrist, Hand, and Fingers
1) Movements of the hand are causedby muscles originating from the__ and the __ and __.
2) __ include the __(3)__.
3) __ include the __(3)__.
- distal humerus and the radius and ulna
- flexors
- flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus
- extensors
- extensor carpi radiulis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum
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Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
1) This group of muscles connects the __ and __ to the __.
a) A band of tough connective tissue,the __ extending from the __ to the __, serves as an attachment for certain abdominal wall muscles.
2) These muscles are the __ and __.
- rib cage
- vertebral column
- pelvic girdle
- linea alba
- xiphoid process
- symphysis pubis
- external oblique
- rectus abdominis
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Muscles that Move the Thigh
1) The muscles that move the thigh are attached to the __ and to the __.
2) Anterior group incluedes the ___.
3) Posterior group is made up of the __ and __.
4) __ include the __ and __.
- 1) femur/ pelvic girdle
- 2) psoas major and iliacus
- 3) gluteus maximus and gluteus medius
- 4) Thigh adductors/ adductor longus/ adductor magnus
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Muscles that Move the Leg
1) This group connects the __ or __ to the __ or __.
2) Flexors are the (__) __, __, __ and __.
3) An extensor is the __ group made up of four parts: __ (4)__.
- 1) tibia, fibula, femur, pelvic girdle
- 2) (hamstrings) biceps femoris/ semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and (not a hamstring-->) sartorius
- 3) quadriceps femoris/ rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
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Muscles that Move the Ankle, Foot, adn Toes
1) Muscles that move the foot are attached to the __, __, or __ and move the foot __, __, or in a __ motion.
2) __ __ include the __ and __.
3) __ __are the _ and __.
4) An _ is the tibialis posterior
5) An __ is the peroneus longus.
- 1) femur/ tibia/ fibula/ upward/ downward/ turning
- 2) Dorsal flexors/ tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
- 3) plantar flexors/ gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum longus
- 4) invertor
- 5) evertor
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The __ becomes the large __ tendon.
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