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Superior inferior
above below
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proximal
areas close in proximity
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distal
locations that are farther in distance
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coronal slice
divides front and back halves of brain
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horizontal slice
separates top and bottom of the brain
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cross secretions
horizontal slices in the spinal cord
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midsagittal cut
cuts the brain between the eyes into equal left and right halves
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sagittal slices
gradually more lateral cuts from the midline
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ipsilateral
when two brain structures are located on the same side of the midline
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contralateral
when two brain structures are located on opposite sudes of the midline
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meninges
series of three membranes that protect the spinal cord and brain
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dura mater
the outmost layer of the meninges, it is tough
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arachnoid layer
the 2nd most outer layer of meninges, below the dura mater, spider web-like appearance
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pia mater
the inner most meninges layer, very thin and adheres tightly to every contour of the brain and spinal cord
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subarachnoid space
the space between the arachnoid layer and pia mater, it is filled with cerebrospinal fluid
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Anatomical directions
- Anterior- front
- Posterior- back
- Dorsal- bottom
- Ventral-top
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Ventricles
system of hollow interconnected chambers in the brain.
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Central canal
a long narrow channle that spans the center of the spinal cord.
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Choronoid plexus
specialized capillary tissues that line each of the ventricles, create cerebrospinal fluid that flows to each ventricle
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lateral ventricles
two large wing shaped ventricles, that serve the core of the cerebral hemispheres
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third ventricle
this bisects the two lobes of the thalamus, at the center of the brain
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fourth ventricle
located posterior to pons and meudlla, it is connected to the third ventricle by cerebral aqueduct
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cerebral aqueduct
a very narrow channel that connects the third and fourth ventricles
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cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF)
a colorless fluid that circulates through the subarachnoid space back to the top of the head. CSF helps keep you head weight balances, provides head with shock-absorbing cushion, provied nutrients to and removes wastes from the CNS
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