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Coefficient of Determination (148)
The square of the correlation coefficient; indicates the proportion of variance in one variable that can be accounted for by the other variable.
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Correlational research (143)
Examines the nature of relationships between variables
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Correlation Coefficient (144)
An index of the direction & magnitude of the relationship between 2 variables; Ranges between -1 - +1
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Negative Correlation (144)
Inverse relationship; One goes up, the other goes down
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Outlier (156)
Extreme score; Usually -3 or +3 from the mean
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Partial Correlation (160)
Correlation between 2 variables with the influence of 1 or more other variables removed.
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Pearson Correlation Coefficient (144)
Most commonly used measure of correlation
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Perfect Correlation (145)
A correlation of -1 or +1, where 2 variables are so closely related that 1 can be perfectly predicted from the other
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Phi Coefficient (162)
A statistic that expresses the correlation between 2 dichotomous variables
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Point-biserial Correlation (162)
Correlation between a dichotomous & a continuous variable
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Positive Correlation (144)
Direct relationship between 2 variable where participants with high scores on one variable tend to also have high scores on the other variable; One goes up, the other also goes up; One goes down, the other also goes down
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Restricted Range (155)
Data in which participants' scores are confined to a narrow range of the possible scores
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Scatter Plot (145)
A graphical representation of participants' scores on 2 variables; One variable is plotted on the x-axis & the other on the y-axis
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Spearman Rank-order Correlation (161)
A correlation coefficient calculated on variables that are measured on an ordinal scale
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Statistical Significance (151)
A finding very unlikely to be due to error variance
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ABA Design (313)
Single-case experimental design: baseline data is collected (A), the IV is introduced & behavior is measures (B), then the IV is withdrawn & behavior is measured again (A)
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ABACA Design (315)
A multiple-I single-case experimental design: baseline data is collected (A), one level of the IV is introduced (B), this level of IV is withdrawn (A), a second level of IV is introduced (C), & this level of IV is withdrawn (A)
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ABC Design (315)
A multiple-I single-case experimental design: baseline period (A), introduction of one level of the IV (B), introduction of another level of the IV (C)
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Case Study (321)
Intensive descriptive study of a particular individual, group, or event
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Graphic Analysis (317)
Single-case experimental research: visual inspection of graphs of data to determine whether the IV affected behavior
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Group Design (310)
Experimental design: several participants serve in each condition, data is analyzed by examining the average response of participants in these condition
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Idiographic Approach (309)
Research that analyzes the behavior of individual participants; contrasted with the nomothetic approach
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Interparticipant Replication (312)
In single-case experimental research: documenting the generalizability of an experimental effect by demonstrating the effect on other participants
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Interparticipant Variance (311)
Variability among the responses of participants in a particular condition
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Intraparticipant Replication (312)
In single-case experimental research: attempt show experimental effect on a single participant by alternatively introducing & withdrawing the IV
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Intraparticipant Variance (311)
Variability among the responses of a participant when tested more than once in a condition
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Multiple Baseline Design (316)
Single-case experimental design in which 2 or more behaviors are studied simultaneously
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Multiple-I Design (315)
Single-case design: levels of an IV are introduced one at a time
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Narrative Description (322)
A descriptive summary of an individual's behavior
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Nomothetic Approach (309)
Research the seeks to establish general principles & broad generalizations; contrasted with idiographic approach
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Psychobiography (322)
Biographical case study of an individual, explaining the course of the person's life using psychological constructs & theories
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Reversal Design (314)
Single-case design in which the IV is introduced & then withdrawn
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Single-case Experimental Design (310)
A design in which the unit of analysis is the individual participant rather than the experimental group; also called single-subject design
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