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Maslow's hierarchy of needs
A model developed by Maslow that expresses human development & progression using developmental stages that prioritize needs.
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patient
the person receiving medical treatment.
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physical need
Any need or activity related to genetics, physiology, or anatomy.
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psychological need
A mental requirement or necessity for fulfillment as a person.
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social need
A need to fit into society and to be accepted by one's peers.
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spiritual need
Aneed for a connection with a higher order.
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What are the components that make up an individual?
- 1. physical needs
- 2. psychological needs
- 3. social needs
- 4. spiritual needs
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common types of coping mechanisms (4)
- 1. denial- the patient does not want to accept the truth of what is occurring.
- 2. rationalization- patient attempts to rationalize illness or disease.
- 3. regression- patient regresses to an earlier stage in life.
- 4. repression- patient repressesthoughts and feelings about illness or disease.
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What are the three accepted definitions of death?
- 1. Cardiac death-the loss of cardiac and respiratory function.
- 2. higher brain death- the loss of higher brain function, but the lower brain stem continues to provide respiration, B.P., and heartbeat without the assistance of a respirator.
- 3. whole brain death- the loss of all functions of the entire brain.
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what are the five stages of grief?
- 1. denial
- 2. anger
- 3. bargaining
- 4. depression
- 5. acceptance
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general categories of causes of death
- accidental- can be caused by nature, motor vehicles, or homicides.
- terminal-patient suffers from a disease that is incurable.
- prolonged(chronic)-lasts longer than 4-6 weeks.
- sudden- occurs without warning.
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Which procedures are intended to provide the patient with symptom relief but do not cure the disease?
palliative procedures
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Which procedures are used to treat or manage a disease?
Therapeutic procedures
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Euthanasia
- from the Greek- "good death"
- American-"easy death"or "painless inducement of quick death".
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"easy death" has two categories, they are?
- 1.passive euthanasia- the physician does nothing to preserve life.
- 2.active euthanasia- requires actions that speed the process of dying
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Active euthanasia also breaks down into two more categories, they are:
- 1. voluntary euthanasia:the patient initiates facilitation of his death.
- 2. involuntary euthanasia:the patients autonomoius nrights are violated.
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The Patient Bill of Rights does what for the patient?
Allows the patients the right to refuse treatment.
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Advance directives
- Legal documents used to speak for the patient in the event that they cannot make decisions for themselves.
- (living will or a power of attorney).
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The developmental stages according to Maslow are:
- 1. physiological needs- basic needs such as water, oxygen, food.
- 2. safety needs- these refer to the perception on the part of the individual that his/her environment is safe.
- 3. love & belonging needs- to be known and cared for as an individual and to care for another.
- 4. esteem needs- refers to a positive evaluation of oneself and others.
- 5. self-actualization- the need to fulfill what one believes is one's purpose.
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