Bio

• monomer---(dehydration synthesis)---->polymer
• (monosacharide)-simple sugar

• 1.) starch- derived from plants(short to medium use of energy)
• 2.)glycogen-in liver(short burst)
• 3.) cellulose- plant walls- hard to break down

• fats, oil
• monomer--------(dehydration synthesis)-->polymer(fattyacid)
• (fatty acid)

our plasma cell membrane

fear of water

love of water

monomer(amino acid)--------dehydration synthesis---->polymer(peptide bond)

order of amino acids

weak hydrogen bonds, b pleated sheets or alpha helix

3-D shape, what makes for all of activity(blob/folding)

3d shape that folds and connects like a lock-key

• DNA, RNA, ATP
• mononmer(nucleotide)----dehydration synthesis-->polymer(nucleic acid)

• 1.) sugar
• 2.) N-containing bases
• 3.) phosphate group

tri-phosphate-->energy carrier in cell(like elecricity)

sugar-->fat-->stored as ATP(currency)

• -covalent bond between sugar and phosphate
• -contain lots of nucleotides
• -RNA-has back bone of sugar phosphate

single cell organisms

• -plasma membrane-selectively permeable
• -cytoplasm
• -storage for DNA

will have 2 laters that natually curves into spheres

• -selectively permeable(determines what is allowed in and out)
• -->structure of phospholipid bilayer

• 1.) transport proteins
• 2.) enymes(speed up chemical reactions)
• 3.) adhesion proteins (help cells stick together)
• 4.) recognition proteins (carbohydrates)(defense will attack cells that are non-self[antibodies]
• 5.) receptor protein--bond to some chemical-->sends signals(to change behavior)

as cells get larger, surface area increases. As it gets larger teh ratio becomes more equivelent

• 1.) All living organisms consist of cells
• 2.) A cell is teh smallest unit of life
• 3.) Every living cell came from division of pre-exsisting cells
• 4.) Cells contain DNA that they pass to pthers

are teh samlles and simpliest cells

• -no nucleus or mebrane bound organeles
• -cell wal-not made of cellulose, but peptidoglycan
• -cytoplasm-->metabolism=sum of all chemical reactions in the cell
• ---ribosomes-->make proteins
• ---DNA-->in nucleid region

• flagellum-->used for movement
• pilus-->anchoring bacterium(to another substance)

sum of all chemical reactions in the cells

• -Cyanobacteria-->can to photosynthesis
• -bacteria that make you sick and help you
• -biolfims--> community of microrganisms living in a sharded mass of slime(chemicals)(protections)>>>toxin, waste product, stick(veggies)

-live in extreme enviroment...extremophiles

• -membrane(phospholipid bilayers)..bound organelles
• -nucleus=bounded by nuclear membrane
• --->DNA - linear(long straight line) chromatic
• ---->nucleolus-makes ribosomes

• maze of system, membrane bound organells
• -->endoplasmic reteculem(ER)
• rough(RER) ribosomes(rough bumps)
• smooth SER

• -golgi body/apparatus-->packaging proteins for export(shipping department)
• -vacuole/vessicle-->storage, digestion(food,pigment, enzymes)

movement of molecules form high to low concentration until equally distributed(across a plama membrane)

difference in concentration(on two side of membrane)

• 1.) concentration gradient(larger c.g. rate is higher)
• 2.) size(smaller molecules moves faster
• 3.) tempature(higher temp the rate increases)
• 4.) charge
• 5.) pressure(increase pressure increase rate)

water moves from an area of high H20 concentration to low water concentraton until it is equally distributed(usually across a semi permeable membrane)

pressure that a fluid exerts against a wall or membrane

how to describe concentration of solutes

solution has same concentration on both sides of membrane

lower concentration of solute (to the one in comparison)(higher concentration of water)

solution has higher solute concentration(lower H20 concentration)