What must the plasma membrane do, but also not do?
must associate with water, but not dissolve
What are the layers of the plasma membrane made of?
phospholipids (phosphate heads outward)
What are the three components of the plasma membrane?
phospholipids
proteins
cholesterol
The plasma membrane is made out of __________ becasue they are _________, which means that they are both ________ and __________
Phospholipids
amphipatic
polar
non-polar
What do proteins form in the plasma membrane?
ports or channels for large moleculues, such as amino acids or sugars
What the the three types of carriers proteins?
uniport
antiport
symport
What is an uniport carrier protein?
only carries one type of solute across the cell membrane; selectively bringing that solute from one side of the membrane to the other
What is an antiport carrier protein?
carries two types of solutes that are going in opposite directions
What is a symport carrier protein?
carries two types solutes that are traveling in the same direction
What does cholesterol do for the plamsa membrane?
it gives structure but it still gives it the ablity to move and flow
Define: Passive Transport
does not require energy
Define: Diffusion
movement of stuff
Somethings can _________ through the _______ ________.
diffuse
plamsa membrane
Define: Concentation Gradient
a change in something (high to low/ low to high)
What does Brownian Motion say?
molecules are always in continual movement
What does everything in nature do?
to go from high to low
What does everything in nature want to achive?
Dynamic Equilibrium or balance
Define: Osmosis
the moving of water
What are the three types of Osmosis?
Hypertonic, Hypotonic, and Isotonic
What is hypertonic osmosis?
high concentration of water inside the cell
What happens to red blood cells and plant cells when hypertonic osmosis happens?
Red blood cells will shrivel up
Plant cell will have everything bunched togeter
What is Hypotonic osmosis?
high cencentration of water outside the cell
Why would you receive a hypotonic IV?
you could get a hypotonic solution IV if you are severly dehydrated
Why do grocery stores spray veggie's with water?
to make the veggie's remain crisp and make sure that they won't wilt
What is Isotonic Osmosis?
concentations are the same inside and outside the cell
What type of Osmosis solutions is most likely to be given to you in an IV?
Isotonic
Define: facilitated diffusion
the molecules that are diffusing are too large to go through membrane so they need to use the ports (example: amino acids)
Define: active transport
required energy
Define: cytosis
the way a singal celled orgianism can eat its food
Define: emdocytosis
And give the two different kinds
food taken in
Phago (soild) and Phino (liquid)
Define: Exocytosis
food out
Living cells maintain a ________ by controlling materials that enter and leave.
balance
Without this ability, the cell cannot maintain ___________ and will die.
homeostasis
The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water, ________, and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products.
glucose
Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the _____________ , which allows only certain particles to pass throug and keeps other particles out.
plasma membrane
What property of a membrane that allows only some particals to pass through the membrane?
selective permeability
True or false
the structure and properties of the cell wall allow it to be selective and maintain homeostasis.
False
True or false The plasma membrane is a bilayer of lipid molecules with protein molecules embedded in it
True
True or false
A phospholipid molecule has a nonpolar water-insoluble head attached to a long polar, soluble tail.
False
True or false
The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a structure that is liquid and very rigid.
False
True or false
Cell organelles, such as the nucleus, vacoles, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, are enclosed by membranes.
true
True or false
The greater the number of saturated fatty acids a membrane contains, the more fluid it is.
False
True or false
In animals, cholesterol strengthens the fluid mosaic and makes the plasma membrane more stable
True
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
the concentations of dissolved substances outside the cell is ower than inside the cell
hypo
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
when a cell is placed in this solution, water will enter the cell by osmosis, resulting in turgor pressure
hypo
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is the same as the concentration inside the cell
iso
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell
hyper
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
when injected into the body, it will not cause cellular damage because no osmosis occurs
iso
Iso, Hypo, or Hyper?
putting a plant cell in this type of solution will result in a loss of water, and a drop in turgor pressure (or plasmolysis), which will cause the plant to wilt
