Geology - Minerals

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    • Calcite (CaCO3)
    • -Colorless, white, yellow, pink or other colors
    • -Cleavage not at right angles
    • -Hardness = 3
    • -Reacts to acid
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    Sulfur (S)

    • -Yellow
    • -Streak = Yellow
    • -Yellow crystals or earthy masses, smells like rotten eggs
    • -Hardness = 1.5 to 2.5
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    Chalcopyrite ( CuFeS2)

    • -Brassy yellow to gold or copper OR blue, purple, green
    • -Streak = Dark grey to black
    • -Hardness = 4 (will not scratch glass)
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    Pyrite (FeS2)

    • -Gold, brassy yellow
    • -Streak= dark grey to black
    • -Consistent color, small cubic crystals
    • -Hardness = 6 (will scratch glass)
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    Graphite (C)

    • -Dark grey (metallic to earthy)
    • -Streak= grey to black
    • -Greasy feel, writes on paper
    • -Hardness = < 2
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    Galena (PbS)

    • -Silver, shiny and metalic
    • -Streak= Grey to black
    • -Cubic cleavage good to excellent
    • -HEAVY!
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    • Geothite [FeO(OH)]
    • -Yellow to brown to red (earthy)
    • -Streak: similar to color
    • -Chalky

    OR

    • - Dark brown (metallic to earthy)
    • -Similar to color
    • -may have pitted texture (rusted iron)
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    • Hematite (Fe2O3)
    • -Silver/grey, red
    • -Streak= Red to dark brown
    • -Glittery
    • -Hardness =
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    • Magnetite (Fe3O4)
    • -Dark grey to black
    • -Streak = dark grey to black
    • -MAGNETIC
    • -High specific gravity
    • -Hardness =
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    Sphalerite ( ZnS)

    • -Dark brown/black, yellow to gold at edges.
    • -Streak = white to pale yellow
    • -6 cleavages, has crystal-like pattern
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    Bauxite

    • -Earthy brown, pink, yellow, grey, white
    • -Contains hard ROUND inclusion
    • -Cleavage = none
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    Garnet

    • -Black to dark red ro red/brown
    • -Streak = none
    • -Cleavage = distinctive 12 sided crystals
    • -Hardness = 7 - 7.5
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    Talc

    • -Opaque white, grey, green
    • -Slippery, soapy feel
    • -Pearly to greasy luster
    • -Hardness = 1
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    Olivine

    • -Pale olive green to yellow
    • -Often seen as SAND SIZED CRYSTALS
    • -Hardness = 7
    • -Cleavage = None
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    Horneblende

    • -Black to dark green
    • -None or barely green/grey
    • -Cleavage = non-prismatic
    • -Shiny luster
    • -Hardness = 5.5 - 6
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    Augite

    • -Dark green to black
    • -Streak = None or barely green/grey
    • -Cleavage = prismatic
    • -Luster = duull to shiny
    • -Hardness = 5.5 - 6
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    Biotite Mica

    • -Black (yellow to gold at edges)
    • -Streak = None OR light brown/green
    • -Cleavage = Excellent Basal
    • -Hardness = 2.5, barely scratches with fingernail
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    Muscovite Mica

    • -White to gold to light brown, Earthy
    • -Streak = none
    • -Cleavage = excellent basal
    • -Hardness = 2-2.5, barely scratches with finger
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    Chalcedony (SiO2)

    • -Colorless, white, grey or pastel colors
    • -WAXY to opalline luster, translucent or opaque
    • - Hardness = 7
    • -Cleavage = massive or laminated
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    • Quartz (SiO2)
    • -Transparent or translucent
    • -Vitreous(glassy) luster
    • -Cleavage = Massive or hexagonal crystals
    • - Hardness = 7
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    Plagioclase Feldspar

    • -White to grey (most common), or pink
    • -Cleavage = Prismatic, excellent or good
    • -Hardness = 6
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    Orthoclase Feldspar

    • - Pink or white (most common), grey or green
    • -Cleavage = prismatic, good or excellent
    • -Hardness = 6
    • -
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    Malachite

    • -Opaque green
    • -Streak = pale green
    • -May react to acid
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    Fluorite (CaF2)

    • -Colorless, purple, blue, green, or yellow
    • -Cleavage = Excellent
    • -Hardness = 4
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    Halite (NaCI)

    • -Colorless, white or other colors
    • -SALTY TASTE
    • -Cleavage = excellent
    • -Hardness = 2.5
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    Gypsum (CASO4*2H2O)

    • -Clear to white
    • -Easily scratched with fingernail, massive or tabular crystals.
    • -Hardness = 2
    • -Cleavage = Excellent or good
Author
Corinne
ID
130721
Card Set
Geology - Minerals
Description
Learn to identify minerals
Updated