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Genetics 5
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Parent genotype
Parental
F1 represents
First filial
F2 represents
second filial
having the same alleles
homozygous
cross which change parent genotypes
reciprocal cross
Cross with homozygous recessive
test cross
cross with true breeding parents
back cross
cross with two different heterozygous traitis
dihybrid cross
Mendels law of independent assortent deals with what phase
Metaphase
Phenotype of herozygote is somewhere between both homozygotes
Incomplete dominance
One gene expresses only half of what is needed
Haplosufficient
XY
Heterogametic
XX
Homogametic
+ represents
Wildtype
Female bird
ZW
Male hymenoptera
N
Male grasshopper
XO
Regions on X and Y chomosome important for synapsis
PAR (pseudoautosomal regions)
Position of centromere on Y chromosome
Acrocentric
Section on X chromosome for antibody production
Mic2
Gene on Y chromosome responsible for sex determination
a)This gene is a member of which family
b)How long after conception are these genes active
SRY Gene
a) HMG Box family
b)6 weeks
Proteins which binds to DNA and causes sharp bends bringin nonadjacent regions together
SRY protein
Proteins which changes undifferentiated gonads to ovaries/uterus
Mullerian Hormone
Protein which changes testosterone to estradiol
P450 aromatase
Male XY appear female is what condition
Andrgogen isensitivity syndome
Sex linked recessive trait present on a male
Pseudodominant
X+Y
Hemizygous
Failure of chomosomes to separate properly during anaphase 1
Non disjunction
Y-linked genes
Holandric
An inactivated X chromosome
Barr Body
Level of copacton for a barr body
Heterochromatin at 700nm
Accounts for fact that males and females have the same concentration of protein from X linked genes
Dosage compensation
How many days after fertilization does X inactivation occur
12-14 days
Region responsible for X inactivation
XIC (X inactivation center)
RNA from this gene coats the X chromosome and converts to a Barr body
Xist
Encodes an antisense RNA that is complementary to Xist RNA
Tsix
Chooses X chromosom to be inactivated
Tsix
Organism with tissues of different genotypes
Mosaic
# of organisms with a genotype that expresses a phenotype
Penetrance
Genotype does not express expected phenotype
Incomplete penetrance
Degree to which a phenotype is expressed
Expressivity
Allele which results in death at an early stage of development
Lethal allele
Multiple alleles
Allelic series
Where fucose is added
H- antigen
Needed to add fucose
Fucosyl transferase
I in I
A
represents what?
Isoagglutinogen
Suggar added by I
A
N- acetylgalactosamine
Sugar added by I
B
Galactose
Transfers sugars to fucose
Fucosyl transferase
Causes agglutination
Antibody
Th phenotype is the same as phenotype for both homozygotes
Codominance
Condition were fucosyl transferase is not working
Bombay phenotype
Genes at one locus mask the expression of another locus
Epistasis
Noncomplementation
Allelic
Complementation
Nonallelic
Two things complementation tet determines
Which traits are allelic and how many genes control a trait
Traits expressed differently in males and females
Sex-influenced
Traits expressed only in one sex
Sex-limited
A chemical, virus or some other substance or condition that mimics the phenotype of a genetic disorder
Phenocopy
Genetic disorder with multiple phenotypes
Pleiotropy
Positive or negative for blood type is determined by the presence or absence of this protein
Rhesus factor
Mitochondrial DNA codes for
rRNA and tRNA
Distinct phenotypes
Discontinuous
Continuous ditribution of phenotypes
Continuous
Characteristics encoded at many loci
Polygenic inheritance
Recombination requires this enzyme
RecA
Death of cells in the optic nerve (cytoplasmic inheritance)
Lebers Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Coupling mutations are on the same chromosome
Cis
Repulsing mutations are on different chromosomes
Trans
Inversion not including the centromore
Paracentric inversion
Inversion including the centromere
Pericentric INversion
Duplication right next to
Tandem duplication
Duplication a distance away
Displaced duplication
Duplication in opposite order
Reverse duplication
Exact multiples of original chromosome set number
Euploidy
Inhibits spindle formation and holds cel in metaphase
Colcemid
Chromosome sets from the same species
Autopolyploidy
Chromosome sets from different species
Allopolyploidy
Addition/subtraction affecing only part of a set, not a whole set
Aneuploidy
One additional chromosome
Trisonomy
ONe less chromosome (2n-1)
Monosomy
Two less chromosomes (2n-2)
Nullisomy
two extra chromosomes (2n+2)
Tetrasomy
Trisomy 21
Down Syndrome
Trisomy 18
Edwar syndrome
Trisomy 13
Patau syndrome
XXY
Klinfelters syndrome
X
Turners syndrome
Responsible for Dark banding pattern
A & T (On trypsin Giemsa stain)
Responsible for Light banding pattern
G & C (On trypsin Giemsa Stain)
Short arm
P arm
Long arm
Q arm
Genes from one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome
Translocation
Author
arian
ID
13031
Card Set
Genetics 5
Description
Vocab on linkages, etc
Updated
2010-04-04T18:55:16Z
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