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What is Nutrition?
The science of foods and the substances they contain
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What can food provide?
Energry and nutrients used by the body for maintenance, growth, and repair
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What is a diet?
Food one consumes, whose quality can affect the risk of chronic diseases
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What are some food choices?
- - Postive and negative associations
- - Emotional comfort
- - Vaules
- - Body weight and image
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What are functional foods?
- Provide health benefits beyond their nutrient contributions
- i.e- whole foods, and fortified foods
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What do you need in order to maintain a healthy body?
Replenishment of energy and nutrients from food.
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Six classes of nutrients are...
Carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water
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What are the energy yielding nutrients?
Carbohydrates, fat, and protein
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Carbohydrates, fat, and proteins are often called what?
Macronutrients
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Chemical composition of nutrients includes what two compounds?
Inorganic and Organic
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Inorganic compounds are what?
Minerals and Water
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What are the Organic nutrients?
Carbonhydrates, Fats, Proteins, and vitamins (all contain carbon)
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What are essential nutrients?
Those the body can no make or is unable to make sufficient quantities to meet needs. Also known as indispensable nutrients.
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What is metabolism?
The process by which food is broken down to yield energy
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What is energy measured by?
KCalories (calories, kilocalories, Kcal)
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How is energy density determined?
- By its macronutrient compostion
- High energy density= weight gain (high fat content)
- Low energy density= weight loss (low fat grains, veggies, fruit)
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What are Vitamins?
Organic, not energy-yielding, essential, thirteen different vitamins that play an essential role in health and disease management
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What are minerals?
Inorganic, not energy-yielding, essential, with 16 known minerals that play an essential role in human nutrition.
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Different between minerals and vitamins
Minerals are indestructible, where as vitamins are
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What is water?
Inorganic, not energy-yielding, essential
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What does the science of nutrition do?
Studies the nutrients in food and how the body utilizes these nutrients
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Two different types of the science of nutrition?
Human genome and nutritional genomics
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When does the scientifc method get used in nutrition research?
Epidemiological studies, laboratory- based studies, and human intervention/clinical trils
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What are epidemiological studies?
Determind the incidence and distribution of diseases in populations. Studies include cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort
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What are laboratory-based studies?
Explore the effects of a specific variable on a tissue, cell, or molecule. Studies are often conducted in test tubes or on animals
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What are human intervention or clinical trials?
Involve human beings who follow a specified regiman
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What are the stages of nutrient deficiency?
Overt (easy to observe), primary (inadequate intake), secondary (caused by drug or disease, subclinical (early stages with outward sign, covert (hidden deficiency)
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What are parts of a research article?
Abstract, introduction, review of literature, methodology (define key terms and describes instruments and procedures), results, conclusions, and references.
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What are the principles to diet planning?
Adequacy, balance, Kcalorie control
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What is the healthy eating index?
Food guide pyramind, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, s
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