-
spinal and cranial cavities are in the
the dorsal cavity
-
physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism
metabolism
-
the upper midportion of the abdomen is called
epigastric region
-
anatomist;physiologist
observing body parts; studying functions of the body parts
-
levels of complexity
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
-
organs located in the abdominopelvic cavity
kidney
-
Ultrasonography is most useful for examining
medium density organs, such as the heart
-
the axial portion of the body includes
the dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity
-
the membrane on the surface of a lung is called
visceral pleura
-
what organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells
the skeletal system
-
how is oxygen used by living organisms
to release energy that is stored in food
-
section that separates the body into right and left portions
sagittal section
-
homeostasis is defined as the
tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment
-
parietal membrane; visceral membrane
lines cavities; covers organs
-
nervous and endocrine systems
responsible for integration and coordination
-
muscular system
body movements, maintenance of posture and production of body heat
-
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
substances comprise over 95% of the human body
-
the atoms of the isotopes of a particular element very in the number of
neutrons
-
a decomposition reaction can be symbolized by
ab = a+b
-
a solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions would be
neutral
-
electrolytes are substances that
ionize when dissolved in water
-
the pH scale measures the
concentration of hydrogen ions in solution
-
electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water are called
acids
-
a person has alkalosis if the blood pH
rises above 7.4
-
covalent bond
atoms sharing pairs of electrons
-
a protein can become denatured when
peptide bonds are broken
-
an enzyme is defined as a
protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted
-
a general function of nucleic acids is that
DNA stores genetic information
-
ion
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
-
when and acid reacts with a base
a salt is produced
-
endoplasmic reticulum
network of interconnected membranes
-
vesicles are formed by and action of the
cell membrane
-
the movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration depends upon the presence of
hydrostatic pressure
-
the two major components of the cell membrane are
lipids and proteins
-
receptor-mediated endocytosis
molecules bind to receptor sites and are enclosed in vesicles
-
lysosome
a tiny, membranous sac that contains powerful enzymes responsible for the destruction of worn cell parts and foreign material
-
the nucleolus of the cell contains
RNA and protein
-
DNA molecules are found in the nucleus
combined with protein to form fibers of chromatin
-
active transport
transport process that does not require the expenditure of cellular energy
-
interphase
phase of mitosis where chromosomes duplicate
-
hypertonic
cells lose water
-
the structure of the nucleus
enclosed in a nuclear envelope
-
the function of the nucleus
direct the activities of the cell
-
pinocytosis; phagocytosis
cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets; a cell membrane engulfing solid particle
-
A glucose molecule is changed into two pyruvic acid molecules
Glycolysis
-
ketone bodies are produced as a by-product of
Fat metabolism
-
acidosis
when ketones are present in excess
-
Urea results from the metabolism of
amino acids
-
phenylketonuria results from
an inability to metabolize an amino acid
-
catabolic metabolism
decomposition processes in which large substances are broken into smaller ones
-
a cofactor;examples
a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc
-
beta oxidation in lipid pathways
activating fatty acids and breaking them down into 2 carbon segments
-
thymine
occurs in DNA molecules, but not in RNA
-
Uracil
occurs in RNA but not DNA
-
Transcription
the process of copying DNA info into the structure of an mRNA molecule
-
dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate
monosaccharides become joined together
-
acetyl coenzyme A
a molecul that is common to carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways and serves to connect these two pathways metabolically
-
ADT
act to capture energy from the oxidation of fuels to be used in other cell processes
-
Adipose tissue is a specialized form
loose connective tissue
-
serous
membranes lining body cavities that lack openings to the outside
-
synovial membranes function
secrete synovial fluid that lubricates the ends of bones at joints
-
basement membrane occurs between
epithelial and connective tissue
-
simple squamous epithelium
tissue through which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs
-
fibrous connective tissue
tendons and ligaments are composed of
-
osteonic canals
concentric circles around longitudinal tubes
-
fibroblasts
produces connective tissue fibers
-
function of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue
support and bind nervous tissue together, and they provide nutrients to neurons
-
phagocytes
destroyes bacteria within inflamed tissues
-
macrophage
the most common type of reticuloendothelial
|
|
