-
range of motion
is joint movement caused by voluntary effort
-
adduction
- toward the midline of
- the body
-
abduction
the movement of a bone away from the midline of the body.
-
atrophy
- Wasting away;
- literally “ without development.”
-
Circumduction
- the movement of an extremity around in a circular motion. This motion can be performed with ball-
- and- socket joints, as in the shoulder and hip. ( Do this: Extend your right arm out beside your body and move your arm around in a circular motion.)
-
contracture
- An abnormal ( usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position; usually
- caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers.
-
distal
- farthest to the point
- of attachment
-
dorsiflexion
- the foot narrows the angle between the leg and the top of the foot ( i. e., the foot is bent
- backward, or upward, at the ankle).
-
eversion
turning outward, turning the foot outward
-
extension
is a straightening motion. It increases the angle between two bones lateral
-
flexion
- is a bending motion.
- It decreases the angle between two bones.
-
footdrop
- v Foot
- drop is a term used to describe paralysis of the muscles that “pull the foot
- up.” This interferes with walking and often requires a brace. Foot drop
- can result from a number of conditions, the most common being an injury to the
- 5th lumbar nerve root in the spine or an injury to the peroneal
- nerve near the knee. Sometimes the cause is clear as after an accident or
- injury. In other cases it can come on without warning or explanation.
-
hyperextension
is the extension of a joint beyond straight line
-
inversion
turning foot inward
-
medial
turning of a bone inwards or towards the middle
-
opposition
movement of the thumb to approach or touch the fingertips
-
passive ROM
- range of motion is
- joint movement caused by external assistance
-
pronation
- the act of turning
- the palm down or backward. ( Do this: Place your left hand out, as if to show a
- ring you are wearing.)
-
supination
- the act of turning
- the palm up or forward. ( Do this: Place your right hand out, as if to receive
- change from a cashier. This upward turning of your palm is called supination.
-
plantar flexion
- of the foot increases
- the angle between the leg and the top of the foot ( i. e., the foot is bent
- downward at the ankle, with the toes pointing downward, as in ballet dancing).
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