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EC chapter 5

  1. What would be a good definition of a learning disability?
    some who displays unexpected underachievement
  2. What precent of all students have a learning disability and what does that mean?
    • 5%
    • it's the largest category of disability
  3. What are some characteristics of someone with a learning disability?
    • poor social skills
    • not able to make connections between subjects
    • trouble with readin gand writing
    • hard time expressing themselves orally
  4. What are some theories for the cause of learning disabilities?
    • nuerological
    • genetically linked
    • syndromes that are associated with it
  5. What are two different types of learning disabilities?
    • reading/learning disabilities
    • mathematics/learning disabilities
  6. What is another disability that sometimes occurs with LD?
    EBD
  7. What is a warning sign for LD?
    a child is not developing precursors to reading such as knowing the alphabet
  8. What does RIT stand for?
    response to intervention
  9. What is the main method of assessment for people with LD that normally is taken in kindergarten?
    RIT
  10. the gap between achievement and IQ?
    discrepany formulas
  11. What are a few home helps for someone with LD?
    • become a good listener
    • offer new solutions
    • keep the focus on your child
  12. What are some school helps for a child with LD?
    • clear instruction
    • assign homework that is appropriate to their skill level
    • coordinate with teachers
  13. What is one "fad" that was used as a "cure" for LD?
    a special diet
  14. what has been found to be the most effective approach to treating LD?
    directly teaching academic skills
  15. Are students with LD homogenous or heterogenous in their academic strengths and weaknessess?
    heterogenous
  16. What is one main indicator that some has LD not just low motivation?
    students with LD are resistant to treatment
  17. after repeated failure, a person becomes less willing to take risks and less confident that their actions can result in success
    learned helplessness
  18. give an example of how a student with LD could be nonstrategic in their problem solving?
    not following the sequence of a work problem in math
  19. multi-tiered pre-referral method of increasingly intensive interventions used to identify LD early
    Response to Intervention
  20. What does F.A.T. stand for in F.A.T. city?
    • frustration
    • anxiety
    • tension
  21. students without disabilities whose academic performance is below that of their class?
    low achievers
  22. What are two characteristics of reading that are incredibly difficult for students with LD to grasp?
    • reading fluency
    • reading proficiency
  23. How many students receiving special education services are labeled as LD?
    over half of them
  24. What is the most common reason students are referred to special education for LD?
    reading/learning disabilities
  25. why can a reading/learning disability be so pervasive?
    because reading is the backbone to any education
  26. what percent of students with learning disabilities have math disabilities as well?
    about 50%
  27. What do students with a math disability have main problems with?
    • retrieving information from their long term memory
    • solving multi-step problems
  28. what have come to be known as the defining characteristics of LD?
    • unexpected underachievement
    • resistant to treatment
  29. self-explanations about the reasons for one's success or failure
    attribution
  30. What are 4 different tactics that help students with LD be more strategic in their learning?
    • classifying
    • chunking
    • associating
    • sequencing
  31. What is one key reason why students with LD struggle socially?
    poor language skills
  32. what are the three issues surrounding the prevalence of learning issues that concern people?
    • size
    • cost
    • misidentifications
  33. What is the standard procedure for determining LD?
    discrepancy formulas
  34. What are discrepancy formulas?
    taking the IQ score of an individual and comparing it to a standardized achievement test to see if their is a significant deficit
  35. What are a few benefits to using RTI?
    • no stigma cause everyone goes through the process
    • low achievement is distinguished from learning disabilities
    • reduces inappropriate referrals
  36. a system of progress monitoring; evaluates performance frequently by collecting data directly on mastery of academic subjects being taught
    curriculum based measurement
  37. what three early skills are necessary for success in reading later?
    • phonological awareness
    • rapid naming of alphabetic sounds and letters
    • beginning phonics
  38. identifying, seperating, or manipulating sound units of spoken language
    phonological awareness
  39. the sounds represented by letters and letter-groups
    phonics
  40. instructional methods to help students read, comprehend, and study better by helping them organize and collect information strategically
    learning strategies curriculum
  41. What does RAP mean?
    • read the paragraph
    • ask your the main idea and details in the paragraph
    • put the main idea and details in your own words
  42. memory aids that help people remember items that go together?
    mnemonics
  43. RAP is an example of what?
    mnemonics
  44. being able to explain what accommodations help improve performance and to ask for them
    self-advocacy
  45. stratedies that help them be independent, such as setting goals
    self-regulation
  46. When a student has only a math disability?
    dyscalculia
Author
kjmeredithpa
ID
129084
Card Set
EC chapter 5
Description
information from chapter 5 of exceptional children
Updated

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