Botany

The manufacture of carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, utilizing light energy and releasing oxygen.

A chemical oxidation process whereby living protoplasm breaks down certain organic substances with the release of energy, which is used in various anabolic activities, movements, etc.

Its very important for plant growth

The emission of water vapor from aerial parts of plants, mainly through the stomata.

Loss of water from turgid plant leaves

Plants begin to wilt when the rate of water loss by transpiration is greater than the rate of water absorption. As the volume of water in the plant is reduced, the leaves become soft of flaccid.

A green pigment which occurs chiefly in chloroplasts and is involved in photosynthesis

Drying out

Suface layer

Soft, wilted

Actively growing tissue of a plant.

Leaves with parallel veins, Stems reach a certain diameter and do not continue to grow, Stem fibers or vascular bundles are scattered, not in concentric circles, not bark present, Floral parts arranged in threes or multiples of threes; examples: Grasses, corn, wheat, onion family

Leaves with netted veins, Stems continue to grow in diameter as long as plant lives, Stem fibers or vascular bundles arranged in concentric circles. Bark develops and can be easily stripped from the remainder of the plant, floral parts number varies, rarely in threes or multiple of threes. Examples: Trees, shrubs, beans, peas, and many small plants

A plant that comletes its life cycle in one year or season

A plant which complets its life cycle in two years or growing seasons. It produces vegtable growth the first year and produces seed and dies in the second year.

A plant which lives from year to year indefinitley.

A lateral outgrowth of the stem, typically a thin, expanded structure which is usually green in color.

Expanded, broad portion

Stalk (sometimes missing)

Part that joins leaf to the stem

Scalelike outgrowths, rarely bladelike, which frequently drop when leaf matures

Small oval openings found mostly on the lower leaf surface or epidermis. Each stoma is surrounded by two kidney shaped cells call guard cells. Stomata alows the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the cells in the interior of the leaf and the external atmosphere as well as the movement of water vapor from with the leaf

Outer layer of conducting cells which transport metabolized food through the plant.

Portion nearest the center of stem containing thick-walled cells which carry water or salts(plant nutrients) through the plant

Thin layer of cells seperating phloem from xylem. The cambium is the growing portion of the plant which forms cells for both the xylem and phloem

• Stem region outside phloem which protects phloem, cambium, and inner tissue from disease organisms or evaporation.
• Functions include: Support for leaves, flower and fruit, transports water and minerals from roots to leaves and other plant organs, conducts manufactured food from leaves to other parts of the plant

• Inground portion of plant, structure contains midified cells, many of which are similar to those found in the stem
• Functions include: Absorbs water and nutrients from the soil and translocates to the upper plant parts, supports the plant, and stores food

The movement of food materials through the plant, it can be the movement of any material within the plant