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What are some examples of surface culture?
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What are some examples of deep culture?
- courtesy, concepts of time
- tone of voice, attitude toward elders
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What is the idea that people should not abandon their home culture but rather maintain their various ethnic languages, cultures, and institutions, while still participation in society as a whole?
cultural pluralism
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What does CDF stand for and what does it do?
- Child Defence Fund
- advocacy agency that represents the needs of children and families
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What students are considered "historically underrepresented"?
- African Americans
- Hispanic
- Asians/Pacific Islander
- AMerican Indian/Alaska Native
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What are three groups of students that are thought of as diverse?
- culturally diverse
- linguistically diverse
- culturally/linguistically diverse with disabilities
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What is one issue that causes culturally diverse students to be at risk for being identified as having a disability?
misunderstandings of culturally accepted and expected behaviors and norms of conduct
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being from a cultural group that is not Euro-centric or of mainstream America
culturally diverse
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having a home or native language other than English
linguistically diverse
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students learning English as their second language
- English language learners
- limited English proficient
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what does ELL stand for?
English language learner
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What does LEP stand for?
Limited English proficient
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What do the major of ELLs in America speak?
Spanish
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What percentage of students do not speak English at home?
20%
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using two languages in the same conversation; a sign of developing duel language proficiency
code switching
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words and pronunciation characteristic of a geographic region or ethinic group and different from those of standard language
dialect
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a learned and rele-governed dialect of nonstandard English, spoken by some African Americans
Ebonics
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knkowing and understanding the cultural standards from diverse communities
cultually competent
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a curriculum that includes multiple perspectives
culturally responsive
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mismatch that occurs when the home and school cultures are in conflict
cross-cultural dissonance
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What may be one reason that Black males have such a high rate of EBD and ADHD?
because behaviors acceptable at home and at school do not go together
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What are the 5 categories that the federal govenment uses to describe Americans along the dimensions of race and ethnicity
- white
- black
- hispanic
- asian/pacific islander
- american indian/alaska native
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What percent of students are ELLs?
5%
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What race is overrepresented in the special ed category?
African American
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What race is underrepresented in the special education category?
- hispanic
- asians/pacific islanders
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What percent of low-income children have lead poisoning?
16%
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What is one of the most significant preventions of disabilities in diverse children?
- getting them health treatment
- safe living environments
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What are the 3 barriers to diverse students' success?
- little to no access of high-quality preschool experiences
- attending inferior schools
- disengagement, alienation, and dropping out of school
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How much more likely are students from low income families to drop out of school?
6 times more likely
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assessment that takes into account cultural and linguistic diversity?
nondiscriminatory testing
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multidimensional approach to intelligence inspired by Howard Gardner's theory; allowin gthose exceptional in any one of eight areas to be identified
multiple intelligences
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what are two suggested ways of evaluating diverse students that are non-discriminatory?
- multiple intelligences
- curriculum based measurements
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What are some exceptions for diverse learners taking standardized tests?
- ELLs who've been in the US for less than a year
- ELLs with disabilities get accomadations
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What are 3 critical components to the education of diverse learners with disabilities?
- steeped in the practices of multicultural education
- includes intensive support for language development
- incorporates current evidence-based practices
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instruction that incorporates sutdents' cultures, interests, and backgrounds into course content
contextualized instruction
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level of English mastery adequate for general communications but not necessarily for academic learning?
conversational English
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How long does it take a learner to aquire conversational English?
within 2 to 3 years
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Level of English mastery required to access the general education curriculum and profit from instruction
classroom instruction
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How long does it take a student to aquire classroom English?
5 to 7 years
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teaching in and seeking mastery of student's native tongue and English
bilingual education
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instructing students in English until English proficiency is achieved; does not provide support in the student's native or primary tongue
English as a second language (ESL)
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restating concepts and instructions, explicitly teaching vocab, using visuals, and concete examples, and relating new language skills to students' experiences to provide langauge support to ELLs
sheltered English
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What is one way that school are trying to help students master English?
bilingual education and ESL
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What is one calidated method that helps students master the elements of the English language that are necessary for success when learning specific academic content?
sheltered English
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What must ELLs with disabilities have educationally?
- full English competence development
- strategies that address their specific ability
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What are two strategies that work well for teachers who do not speak the languages spoken by their students?
- cooperative learning
- peer tutoring
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small groups of studetns working together to learn the same material
cooperative learning
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classmates helping each other in pairs
peer tutoring
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a tactic wherin teachers and students switch roles readin gstories and asking questions, forcusing on predicting, summarizing, questioning, and clarifying reading passages
reciprocal teaching
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unequal availability of technology as a consequence of differences in socioeconomic status
digital divide
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computers that provide translations of written text from one language to another
computerized language translators
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assistants who help students learn the English required to profit from classroom instruction
bilingual paraprofessionals
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