Neuropathies

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Causes of Weakness
Originating in Nerve Roots
- 1. Disc Herniation
- 2. Metabolic Radiculopathy eg. DM
Causes of Weakness
Originating in Peripheral Nerves
- 1. Metabolic Disorders
- 2. Inflammatory Disorders
- 3. Trauma
Metabolic Disorders causing Neuropathy
- 1. Diabetes Mellitus
- 2. Renal Disease- Uraemia
- 3. Vitamin Deficience eg. Vit B12
Immune Mediated disorders
causing Neuropathy
- 1. GBS -Guillain-Barre syndrome (acute polyneuropathy)
- 2. CIDP- Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
- 3. Vasculitis- Lupus, Polyarteritis
- 4. Sarcoid
- 5. Sjorgen's
Infectious Disease causing Neuropathy
- 1. Herpes Zoster
- 2. Leprosy
- 3. Lyme Disease
- 4. HIV
Nutritional Disorders causing Neuropathy
- 1. Vitamin deficiency especially:
- -Thiamine
- -Niacin
- -B12
Toxicity causing Neuropathy
- 1. Alcohol
- 2. Lead
- 3. Arsnic
- 4. Gold
- 5. Insectisides
Drugs causing Neuropathy
- 1. Isoniazid
- 2. Vincristine
- 3. Cisplatinum
- 4. Metronidazole
- 5. Amiodarone
- 6. Phenytoin
Hereditary Disroders causing Neuropathy
- 1. Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (motor sensory)
- 2. HNPP - Hereditary Neuropathy with predisposition to pressure palsy
- 3. Familial Brachial Plexopathy
- 4. Familial Amyloidosis
- 5. MND
Aquired Disorders Causing Neuropathy
- 1. Metaboic
- 2. Immune
- 3. Neoplastic
- 4. Infection
- 5. Nutritional
- 6. Toxic
- 7. Drugs
Neuropathic Disorders that produce Asummetric/ Focal Weakness
- 1. MND
- 2. Radiculopathy (cervical or lumbosacral)
- 3. Plexopathy (Brachial or Lumbosacral)
- 4. Mononeuropathy Multiplex
- 5. Compressive/ Entrapment Mononeuropathies
Radiculopathies
(Effect Nerve Root)
- 1. Root Compression
- - Osteoarthritis
- - Herniated Disc
- 2. Herpes Zoster
- 3. Meningeal Carinomatosis and Lymphomatosis
Plexopathies
(affect Nerves, Blood vessels and Lymph Vessels)
- 1. Neoplastic Infiltration
- 2. Diabetic Radiculopexopathy (esp Lumbrosacral)
- 3. Familial Brachial Plexopathy
- 4. HNPP
Mononeuropathy Multiplex due to
- 1. Malignant Infiltration - Carcinoma or lymphoma
- 2. Vasculitis
- 3. Connective Tissue Disease (RA, LUPUS, )
- 4. Sarcoidosis
- 5. DM
- 6. Infections
- - Leprosy
- - Herpes Zoster
- - HIV
- -Lyme Disease
- 7. HNPP
Compressive/ Entrapment Mononeuropathies
- 1. Median Neuropathy
- 2. Ulnar Neuropathy
- 3. Peroneal Neuropathy
Symmetric
Prox + Distal
Weakness + Sensory Loss
- 1. GBS -Guillain- Barre Synd
- 2. CIDP- Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculopathy
Symmetric
Distal
Sensory Loss +/- Weakness
- 1. Metabolic Disorders
- 2. Drugs/ Toxins
- 3. Hereditar (eg. CMT)
Asymmetric
Distal
Weakness + Sensory loss
- 1. Multiple Nerves-
- a. Vasculitis
- 2. HNPP
- 3. CIDP
- 4. Infectious
- 2. Single nerve/root
- a. Vasculitis
- b. Compressive Mononeuropathy and Radiculopathy
Asymmetric
Proximal + Distal
Weakness + Sensory loss
- Polyradiculopathy/ Plexopathies:
- 1. Diabetes Mellitus
- 2. Neoplasia
- 3. Herediatry (HNPP)
Asymmetric
Distal
Weakness (no sensory)
- 1. With UMN signs
- a. Motor Neuron Disease
- 2. No UMN signs
- a. Progressive muscular atrophy
- b. Multifocal motor neuropathy
- c. Multifocal acquired motor axonopathy (MAMA)
- d. Juvenile monomelic amyotrophy
Symmetric
Sensory loss (+/- distal weakness)
Distal Hyporeflexia (aareflexia)
UMN Signs
- 1. B12 deficiency
- 2. Hereditary
- 3. Cervical Spondylosis
Symmetric
Proximal + Distal
Weakness (No sensory loss)

Spinal muscular atrophy
Symmetric
Distal
Weakness (No sensory loss)

Herediary Motor Neuropathy
Asymmetric Propioceptive loss
No weakness
(sensory neuronopathy)
- 1. Cancer (paraneoplastic)
- 2. Sjogren's Synd
- 3. Vit B6 toxicity
- 4. Vit E defeciency
- 5 Cisplatinum
- 6. HIV related
- 7 Idiopathic
Autonomic Dysfunct
- 1. Diabetes Mellitus
- 2. GBS
- 3. Porphyria
- 4. HIV related autonomic neuropathy
- 5. Vincristine-induced
- 6. Amyloidosis

Author

Rosie435

129003

Card Set

Neuropathies

Description

Neuropathy

Updated

2012-01-19T19:24:55Z