-
serratus posterior superior proximal attachment
ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T3
-
serratus posterior superior distal attachment
superior border ribs 2-4
-
serratus posterior superior innervation
T1-T4 spinal nerves and 2nd-5th intercostal nerves
-
serratus posterior superior main action
elevates ribs & proprioception
-
serratus posterior inferior proximal attachment
spinous processes of T11-L2
-
serratus posterior inferior distal attachment
inferior border of ribs 9-12
-
serratus posterior inferior innervation
spinal nerves T9-T12
-
serratus posterior inferior main action
depresses ribs
-
splenius capitis proximal attachment
nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T3
-
splenius capitis distal attachment
mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line
-
splenius capitis innervation
middle cervical nerves (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
splenius capitis main action
- bilaterally: extends head
- unilaterally: laterally bends (flexes) and rotates head toward same side
-
splenius cervicis proximal attachment
spinous process T3-T6
-
splenius cervicis distal attachment
Transverse process C1-C3
-
splenius cervicis innervation
lower cervical nerves (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
splenius cervicis main action
- bilaterally: extends neck
- unilaterally: laterally bends (flexes) and rotates neck toward same side
-
iliocostalis proximal attachment
thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of lumbar and sacral vertebra, iliac crest
-
iliocostalis distal attachment
angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
-
iliocostalis innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
iliocostalis main action
extends and laterally bends vertebral column
-
longissimus proximal attachment
thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of lumbar and sacral vertebra, iliac crest
-
longissimus distal attachment
between tubercles and angles of ribs, transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebra, mastoid process
-
longissimus innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
longissimus main action
extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head
-
spinalis proximal attachment
thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of lumbar and sacral vertebra, iliac crest
-
spinalis distal attachment
spinous processes of upper thoracic and midcervical vertebra
-
spinalis innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
spinalis main action
extends vertebral column
-
semispinalis capitis proximal attachment
transverse processes of C7-T6
-
semispinalis capitis distal attachment
superior & inferior nuchal lines, spinous processes of cervical and thoracic regions
-
semispinalis capitis innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
semispinalis capitis main action
extends head and neck, laterally flexes head, unilaterally contralaterally rotates neck
-
semispinalis cervicis proximal attachment
transverse processes of T6-T12
-
semispinalis cervicis distal attachment
spinous processes of cervical and thoracic regions
-
semispinalis cervicis innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
semispinalis cervicis main action
extends neck and unilaterally contralaterally rotates neck
-
multifidi proximal attachment
sacrum, ilium, and transverse processes of T1-T12 and articular processes of C4-C7
-
multifidi distal attachment
spinous processes of vertebrae above, spanning two to four segments
-
multifidi innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
multifidi main action
stabilizes spine during local movements
-
rotatores proximal attachment
transverse processes
-
rotatores distal attachment
lamina and transverse process or spine above, spanning one or two segments
-
rotatores innervation
respective spinal nerves of each region (dorsal rami of spinal nerves)
-
rotatores main action
stabilize, extend, and rotate spine
-
levator costarum proximal attachment
transverse processes T7-11
-
levator costarum distal attachments
subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
-
levator costarum innervation
posterior primary rami of C8-T11 nerves
-
levator costarum main action
elevate ribs
-
rectus capitis posterior major proximal attachment
spinous process of C2 (axis)
-
rectus capitis posterior major distal attachment
lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
-
rectus capitis posterior major innervation
suboccipital nerve (C1)
-
rectus capitis posterior major main action
extends head and rotates ipsilaterally
-
rectus capitis posterior minor proximal attachment
tubercle of posterior arch of atlas (C1)
-
rectus capitis posterior minor distal attachment
median inferior nuchal line
-
rectus capitis posterior minor innervation
suboccipital nerve (C1)
-
rectus capitis posterior minor main action
extends head
-
obliquus capitis superior proximal attachment
atlas (C1) transverse process
-
obliquus capitis superior distal attachment
occipital bone
-
obliquus capitis superior innervation
suboccipital nerve (C1)
-
obliquus capitis superior main action
extends head and bends it laterally
-
obliquus capitis inferior proximal attachment
spine of axis (C2)
-
obliquus capitis inferior distal attachment
atlas (C1) transverse process
-
obliquus capitis inferior innervation
suboccipital nerve (C1)
-
obliquus capitis inferior main action
rotates atlas (C1) to turn face ipsilaterally
|
|