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Basic accounting theory is based on
Double entry
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Group of accounts you debit when increased
Assests and Expenses
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Group of accounts you credit to increase are
Liabilities and capital
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Funeral director buys a casket coach on credit, he would
Debit casket coach and credit accounts payable
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Payment of rent by cash is recorded
Debit rent expense and credit cash
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Purchase of office supplies on credit is recorded by
Debit office supplies and credit accounts payable
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A ledger is a book of
Accounts
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Entry on debit side of liability account indicates account has been
Decreased
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Entry made on debit side of proprietorship account indicates account has been
Decreased
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Entry made on debit side of expense account indicates account has been
Increased
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Beginning balance in supplies account is $600. During month an additional $800 worth of supplies were purchased. At end of month, inventory of supplies found only $300 remained on hand. What would be the amount of adjusting entry for supplies account?
$1100
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Entry made on debit side of asset account indicates account has been
Increased
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Things of value owned by business are
Assets
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Accounting year ending on some date other than December 31st is
Fiscal year
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A person to whom a debt is owed is called
Creditor
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Plant asset was purchased by funeral home costing $8,000. It has useful life of 3 years and salvage value of $2,000. Using straight-line method of depreciation, what would be yearly amount of depreciation?
$2,000
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Does not appear on balance sheet
Expenses
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Liabilities are all things funeral director
Owes
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Profit and Loss Statement can be prepared
Any time
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Entry on credit side of revenue account indicates account has been
Increased
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When cash is spent in acquisition of an asset the net worth of a business is
Not affected
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Process of recording information in ledger is
Posting
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Accounts Receivable is
Assest account
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Another term for Profit and Loss Statement
Income Statement
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Amount of revenue from sale of funeral services would be shown on
Profit and Loss Statement
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Right side of standard account is
Credit side
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Totaling of column in journal or ledger account
Footing
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Advertising expense would be reflected on
Income Statement
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Accounts payable account would be shown on
Balance Sheet
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Group of accounts constitutes
Ledger
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If total of operating expenses section of income statement is smaller than total of income section, the difference is
Net profit
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Expense means
Decrease in owners equity
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Account used to assist accountant in adjusting entry involving depreciation
Accumulated depreciation
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Difference between the two sides of account is
Account balance
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Title of account which would normally have credit balance
Accounts payable
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Increase in proprietorship as result of business transaction
Income
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List of accounts that shows the arrangement of accounts in ledger
Chart of Accounts
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Double entry bookkeeping means entry is made
As debit and credit
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Proprietorship of a business may be increased by
Net income and investment of assests in business by owner
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Proprietorship of business may be decreased by
Expenses and withdrawals of assets from business by owner
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To establish a petty cash fund
Debit petty cash and credit cash
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Abbreviation for "debit"
Dr.
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Abbreviation for "credit"
Cr.
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Person who signs check or draft ordering payment to be made
Drawer
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Person or concern, usually bank, that has been ordered to make payment on check or draft
Drawee
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Person or company who will receive payment on promissory note, check, draft or money order
Payee
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F.I.C.A. refers to
Social security
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Property of relatively permanent nature used in operation of business and not intended for resale
Fixed asset
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Debts that are not due and payable within year
Fixed liabilities
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Difference between cost of goods sold and their selling price
Gross profit
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Excess of current assets over current liabilities
Working capital
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Written promise of customer to pay business a sum of money at future date
Note receivable
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Does not qualify as current asset
Land
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Synonym for fair wear and tear of durable asset
Depreciation
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Language of business employed to communicate financial information based upon recording, classification, summarization, and interpretation of financial data
Accounting
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Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
Accounting equation
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Increase in net worth due to excess of income over costs and expenses
Profit
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Money paid for use of money
Interest
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Difference between net sales and cost of goods sold
Gross margin
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Goods purchased for resale at profit
Merchandise
-
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Closing entry to close the revenue account
Debit revenue, credit expense and revenue summary
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Income received but not yet earned
Deferred income
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Paper showing quantity, description, prices of items, total amount of purchase, and terms of payment
Invoice
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One who has made sale
Vendor
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Estimate of revenue and probable expense for given period of time
Budget
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Person or business concern to whom shipment is made
Consignee
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Distribution of profits of corporation to its stockholders as declared by board of director
Dividend
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Person who orders bank to make payment of financial instrument is properly termed
Drawer
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Sole owner of business
Proprietor
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Fund of currency and coin established for payment of small amounts of money
Petty cash
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Difference between total sales and sales returns and allowances
Net sales
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Amount added to cost of article to determine selling price of that article
Mark-up
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Total, written in small pencil figures, under last entry in column
Footing
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Double line under last entry on T-account means
Entry is complete
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Increases in owner's equity resulting from business operations
Income
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Portion of plant assets original cost that cannot be depreciated
Scrap value
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Decrease in net worth due to excess of costs and expenses over income
Loss
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Merchandise that business keeps on hand for sale
Inventory
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Difference between total assets and total liabilities
- Owner's equity
- Net worth
- Capital
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Holder or person owning stock in corporation
Stockholder
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At the end of month, funeral home's assets totaled $50,000; liabilities totaled $20,000; revenue for month totaled $6,000; and total expenses amounted to $4,000. What is owner's equity and net income
- Owner's equity = $30,000
- Net income = $2,000
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Basic accounting theory is based on
Double entry
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Acronym REID is used when
Closing temporary accounts
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Period of time required to purchase goods and services and turn them back into cash
Normal operating cycle
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Ledger is book of
Accounts
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Entry on debit side of owners equity indicates the account has been
Decreased
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Entry on credit side of expense account indicates account has been
Closed
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Book of original entry is in
Chronological order
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Debts one owes
Liabilities
-
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Sales minus cost of goods sold equals
Gross profit
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Amount of depreciation taken during current fiscal year is properly termed
Depreciation expanse
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Decrease in value of fixed asset
Depreciation
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Process of recording information in ledger
Posting
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Primary purpose of business
Profit
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Only time debit side of revenue account is used is when you make
Closing entries
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When cash is spent in acquisition of asset the impact on accounting equation is
Owner's equity is debited
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Entry on credit side of liability account indicates the account has been
Increased
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Accounts payable
Liability account
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Goodwill is classified as
Intangible asset
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Another name for Profit and Loss Statement
Income Statement
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Amount of income from sale of funeral services would be shown on ____ formal financial statement
Profit and Loss Statement
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Left side of standard account
Debit side
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Income earned but not received
Accrued income
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Totaling of cloumn of journal or ledger
Footing
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Cost of operating business
Overhead
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Working capital is measure of
Liquidity
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Debit side of T-account
Left side
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Book in which daily transactions of business are first written
Journal
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Credit side of T-account
Right side
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Decrease in owners equity resulting from business transaction
Expense
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Increase to which of accounts will increase owner's equity
Client fees
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Term used synonymously with operating expenses
Overhead
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Accounts receivable are examples of
Assets
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Checks returned to depositor that have been paid by bank
Canceled checks
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Check that has been issued but not presented for payment to bank
Outstanding check
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Accounts receivable which are uncollectable
Bad debts
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Ledger must contain
All accounts
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Loan from bank secured by property
Mortgage payable
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Salary expense is considered
Operating expense
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Posting
Transfer of figures from journal to ledger
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When delivery revenue is earned on account, which accounts increase and decrease
Accounts Receivable increases; Revenues increases
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Special fund for use in disbursing small sums of money
Petty cash fund
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Journal designed for recording particular type of transaction
Special journal
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If funeral home sells funeral service on 30 day account, the entry to record transaction
Debit accounts receivable, credit sales
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If funeral director receives payment from client who had purchased service on 30 day account, he would make what entries in his journal
Debit cash, credit accounts receivable
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If funeral director purchases caskets from casket manufacturer on 30 day account, he would record transaction how
Debit purchases, credit accounts payable
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Funeral car is purchased by funeral home from $30,000. The vehicle will be used for five years then replaced. If estimated salvage value will be $5,000, what will be amount of yearly depreciation using straightline method of depreciation for computation?
$5,000
(30,000 - 5,000 = 25,000 divided by 5 years)
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David O'Dell is paid salary of $1,850 per month; also time and 1/2 for all hrs worked in excess of 40 hrs per week. Mr. O'Dell worked 62 hrs last week, his gross earnings for period are
$779.14
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John Smith paid $5.00 per hr, also paid time and 1/2 for hrs worked past 40 hrs week. Worked total 60 hrs. If FICA tax is 6%, and withholding tax is 10%, what is take-home pay for week?
$294.00
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Liability accounts are identified by account title followed by word
Payable
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Expenses are listed on which reports
- Profit and Loss Statement
- Income Statement
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Report that shows financial condition of business at point in time
- Statement of Financial Condition
- Balance Sheet
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Accounting equation may be stated as
- Assets = Liabilities + Owner's equity
- Assets - Libilities = Owner's equity
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When you recognize revenue when it is earned, and expenses when they are incurred you are operating under the
Accrual basis of accounting
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The account that provides a current or future benefit to the business is properly termed
An asset account
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Methods of depreciation that allow the business to recover the cost early in life of the asset include
- Double declining balance
- Sum of years digits
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General journal
Used for all types of business transactions
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Purchases journal
Used to record the buying of merchandise on credit
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Cash recipts journals
Used to record the recipt of cash
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Sales journal
Used for recording sale of merchandis on credit
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Cash payments journals
Used to record the paying of cash
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Current asset
Accounts receivable
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Current liability
Accounts payable
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Fixed asset
Funeral coach
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Fixed liability
Mortgage payable
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Balance sheet
Statement of financial condition
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Trial balance
Check of equality of debits and credits
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Owners equity
Difference between assets and liabilities
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Assets
Things of value owned by business
-
Liabilities
Debts that business owes
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Journal
Book of original entry
-
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Posting
Recording information in ledger
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Income statement
Statement of income, expenses, and net income or net loss for a period of time
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Balance sheet
Statement of assets, liabilities, and owners equity at specific date
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Assets
Properties of monetary value owned by business
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Liabilities
Any debt that business owes
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Owners equity
An owners financial interest in a business
-
Accounts payable
Unwritten promises of a business to pay creditors
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Accounts receivable
Unwritten promises by customers to the business pat at a later date
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Sales
Ordinarily refers only to merchandise sold
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Ledger
A book of accounts
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Journal
A book of original entry in which business transactions are recorded in chronological order
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Purchases
The buying of merchandise
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Principal
The face value of a note on which interest is computed
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Debit
Left side of standard account
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Credit
Right side of standard account
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Current ratio
Current assets divided by current liabilities
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Notes payable
Written promise of business to pay creditor certain amount in future
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Notes receivable
Written promise of customer to pay business sum of money at future date
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Cost
Amount paid by business for merchandise
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Supplies
Type of asset that will be consumed as used
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Bad debts
Uncollectable accounts receivable
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Cash receipts
Money and money substitutes received
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Current liabilities
Debts that must be paid within a year
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Maker
Individual who makes promise to pay on promissory note
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Creditor
Business of individual to whom debt is owed
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Corporation
Business, owned by stockholders, which chartered under state law to conduct business or other activity
-
Proprietorship
Owners equity or owners financial interest in business
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Merchandising business
Business firm that obtains income through buying and selling goods
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Transaction
Financial events that affect assets, liabilities, or owners equity
-
Trial balance
Informal statement proving total debit balances are equal to total credit balances in ledger
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Balance sheet
Statement regarding status of assets, liabilities, and owners equity as of specified date
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Source document
First record of business transaction
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Income statement
Formal statment which presents revenue and expenses of specified period of time
-
Income
Increase in owners equity resulting from business operations
-
Drawer
Person who signs check or draft ordering payment to be made
-
Expense
Decrease in owners equity due to comsumption of goods and services used in operation of business
-
Consignor
Person or business concern by whom shipment is made
-
Chronological
In order of time
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Cash
Coins, currency, checks, and money oders received from others, as well as money deposited in bank
-
Capital
Net value of owners financial interest in business
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Bookkeeping
Recording of business data in prescribed manner
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Current assets
Cash or other assets that will be converted into cash or consumed within one year
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Closing entries
Transferal of balances of temporary accounts to capital account
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Check
Written order drawn by depositor dirtecting bank to deduct money from account and pay person or company designated
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Charter
Document issued by state which permits corporation to operate
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Bank statement
Itemized listing of additions to and subtractions from depositor's account
-
Accrual accounting
Recording in each fiscal period applicable expense, whether paid or not, and income earned, whether collected or not
-
Certified Public Accountant
Individual certified to practive public accounting in state
-
Investment
Money or other assets supplied by owner for operation of business
-
Mortgage payable
Written promise that pledges real property as security for payment of debt
-
Posting reference
Journal page numbers and ledger account numbers which, when present, confirms entry has been posted
-
Negotible instrument
Business paper that is claim on cash and which may be transferred legally by endorsement
-
Net working capital
Excess of current assets over current liabilities
-
Accrued Income
Income earned during accounting period but not yet received
-
Sales Discount
Deduction from sales invoice as incentive for customers to pay their invoices early
-
Statement of account
Report sent to each customer which indicates status of thier account
-
Allowance for depreciation
Account used to accumulate decreases in value of fixed assets
-
Sales Returns and Allowances
Credit given to customer for shortages or damaged goods delivered
-
Drawing Account
Separate owners equity account in which withdrawals of assets against profits by owner are recorded
-
Promissory Note
Written promise to pay money to another person or business at specified or determinable time
-
Valuation Account
Account used to record or determine estimated value of an asset
-
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Account in which recorded decrease in value of accounts receivable due to possible uncollectable items
-
Purchase returns and Allowances
Credit received for shortages or for damaged goods received
-
Retail Sales Tax
Imposed upon purchaser of goods and collected by seller, who remits such to state or city government
-
Income tax
Levied on earnings of individuals and businesses by federal, state, and local government
-
Insurance policy
Contract between insurance company and party insured
-
Insurance premium
Amount paid for insurance protection
-
Stock certificate
Evidence of ownership of corporation stock
-
Current asset
Accounts receivable
-
Current liability
Accounts payable
-
Proprietorship
Capital or Net worth
-
Fixed liability
Mortgage payable within 15 years
-
Fixed asset
Assets which will not be sold during fiscal period
-
Balance sheet
Financial statement reflects status of assets, liabilities, and owners equity as of given date
-
Trial balance
Check of equality of debits and credits
-
Assets
Things of value owned by business
-
-
Proprietorship
Equity of owner of business
-
Fixed liability
Mortgage payable
-
Debtor
One who owes debts
-
Current liability
Accounts payable
-
Creditor
One to whom debts are owed
-
Purchases journal
For recording the buying of article on credit
-
Sales journal
For receiving cash for merchandise
-
Cash recipts journal
For recieving cash for merchandise
-
Cash payments journal
Used to rocord paying cash for an item
-
Gengeral journal
Used for miscellaneous entries
-
-
Intangible asset
Capable of being touched
-
Cash asset
Not physical or material
-
Current asset
To be used relatively soon
-
Fixed asset
To be used over a long period of time
-
Check stub
A source of information for the journal
-
Drawer
The one who orders the bank to pay money from his account
-
Payee
The one to whom the bank is ordered to pay the cash
-
Canceled
Check returned to depositor that has been paid by the bank
-
Outstanding
A check that has been issued but not yet presented for payment
-
Fiscal period
Period for which an analysis of operations of business is made
-
Fiscal year
Accounting year ending some other date than December 31st
-
Compound entry
Journal entry that contains two or more debits or two or more credits
-
Withdrawals
Assets taken out of business by owner for his personal use
-
Terms
Time allowed for payment of sale
-
C.P.A.
Certified Public Accountant
-
C.O.D.
Collect on delivery
-
C.I.F.
Cost, insurance, and freight
-
C.B.D.
Collect before delivery
-
-
Interest
Money paid for the use of money
-
Mark up
Amount added to cost of merchandise to determine selling price
-
Fixed asset
Land, buildings, equipment
-
Partnership
Business owned by two or more individuals with profits or losses jointly shared
-
-
Book value
Special book in which payments made by check are recorded
-
Invoice
Paper showing quantity, description, prices or items, total amount of purchase and terms of payment
-
Check register
Check drawn by bank on its own funds and signed by cashier
-
Certified check
Check which carries guarantee of drawee that sufficient funds are available to pay the check when it is properly presented
-
Cashier's check
Check drawn by bank on its own funds and signed by cashier
-
Restrictive endorsement
Endorsement which uses phrase "for deposit only"
-
Blank endorsement
Consists merely of signature of endorser on back of check
-
Endorsement in full
Endorsement which uses phrase "pay to the order of"
-
Deferred
Delay until a later date
-
-
Acid test ratio
Comparison of cash and all other current assets that are readily recognizable in cash with current liabilities
-
Inventory turnover
Determined by dividing cost of goods by average inventory
-
Long-lived asset ratio
Comparison of fixed assets with fixed liabilities
-
Current asset ratio
Comparison of current assets with current liabilities
-
Total asset ratio
Comparison of total assets with total liabilities
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