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prokaryotes

  1. composition of glycocalyx
    • polysaccharides
    • polypeptides
  2. fx of glycocalyx
    • adhesion
    • osmotic barrier
    • protect bacteria from phagocytosis
    • storage of nutrients
  3. comp. of flagella
    • filament
    • hook
    • basal body
  4. patterns of flagella

    monotrichous
    1 flagella
  5. patterns of flagella

    lophotrichous
    1 pole
  6. patterns of flagella

    amphitrichous
    @ both poles
  7. patterns of flagella

    petritrichous
    all over cell
  8. axial filament
    • flagella around cell
    • cockscrew motion
  9. fimbriae
    velcrow
  10. pili
    1 or 2 hair like projections for sexual conjugation
  11. cell wall

    composition
    • peptidoglycan
    • - disaccharides (NAG and NAM)
    • - linked by polypeptides
  12. cell wall

    fx
    • maintain shape
    • physical protection
    • escapes rupture in hypotonic
  13. gram (+) cell wall
    • many layers of peptidoglycan
    • techoic acid
    • - lipotechoic acid - anchors to membrane
    • - wall techoic acid - links to peptidoglycan
    • - antigenic fx
  14. gram (-) cell wall
    • thin peptidoglycan, located in periplasm
    • outer membrane:
    • - protect from antibiotics, phagocytes
    • - contains lipopolysaccharides- lipid A embedded in outer membrane; core polysaccharides w/c provides stability; O polysaccharide for antigenic fx
    • no techoic acid
  15. plasma membrane

    model
    fluid mosaic model
  16. plasma membrane

    types of proteins
    • peripheral
    • integral
    • transmembranal
  17. plasma membrane

    fx
    • selctive permeability
    • enzymes for ATP production
  18. plasma membrane

    movement across membranes
    • simple diffusion - high to low
    • facilitated diffusion - high to low
    • active transport - low to high
    • osmosis - movement of water
  19. cytoplasm

    fx
    enzymatic reaction
  20. ribosomes

    structure
    • protein
    • rRNA subunits (30s and 50s)
  21. ribosomes

    fx
    assemble amino acids into polypeptides
  22. nucleoid
    • single chromosome circular dsDNA
    • contains genetic info
  23. Plasmids
    small circular dsDNA
  24. Plasmids

    fx
    • antibiotic resistance
    • bioengineering
  25. endospores

    structure
    • thick peptidoglycan
    • spore coat with keratin
  26. endospores

    produced by
    • bacillus
    • clostridium
Author
Anonymous
ID
128080
Card Set
prokaryotes
Description
cell structure
Updated

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