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What congenital anomalies do the following produce?
1. ACEI
2. ETOH
3.Alkylating Agents
4. Aminoglycosides
5. Cocaine
6. DES
7. Folate antagonist/valproate
8.Valproate
9.Iodine
10. Lithium
11.Maternal Diabetes
12.Smoking, Nicotine, CO
13. Tetracycline
14. Thalidomide
15. Vitamin A excess
16. Warfarin
- ACEI-renal Damage
- ETOH-FAS, MR, microcephaly
- Alkylating Agents--missing digits
- Aminoglycosides- CN 8
- Cocaine- Placental abruption, ischemia--preecclampsia
- DES--Vaginal Clear cell Adenocarcinoma
- Folate Antagonist/Valproate--NTD
- Iodine-congenital goiter or hypothyrodism
- Lithium-Ebstein's abnormality atrialized ventricle
- Maternal DM-TOGV, hypoglycemia, macrosomia, anal atresia
- Smoking, nicotine, CO--ADHD, IUGR, placental ischemia
- Tetracycline-Discolored Teeth
- Thalidomide-absence of limbs
- Vitamin A excess- cleft palate,spontaneous abortion
- Warfarin--Bone Deformity and fetal hemorrhage
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?Symptoms of Ankylosing spondylitis?
- sacroilliatis
- uveitis
- aortitis
- costovertebral joint inflammation--hypoventilation
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What are the 5 enzymes involved in heme synthesis?
- ALA synthase--Heme/Glucose/Lead inhibit/\Etoh, benzo, hypoxia stimulates
- ALA dehydratase
- porphobilinogen deaminase
- Uroporphobilinogen Decarboxylase
- Ferrochelatase-lead inhibits
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3 places for Vit B6 pyridoxine?
- heme synthesis
- INH
- peripheral dopa decarboxylase
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In a positive skewed distribution where is the mean?
in a negatively skewed distribution where is the mean?
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What kind of gastric anomaly is present in Pataus? vs downs?
- Patau--pyloric stenosis/omphalocele
- Downs---duodenal atresia/Hirshsprung
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Syndrome with prolonged QT interval and sensory neural hearing loss?
Jervel-Lange Nielsen Syndrome
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4 Second generation of H1 blockers?
3 1st generation of H1 blockers?
- 2nd Generation:
- Loratadine
- Fexofenadine
- cetrizine
- desloratadine
- 1st generation:
- Diphenhydramine
- Dimenhydraminate
- Chlorpheniramine
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4 Drugs with low TI?
- Lithium
- Phenobarbital
- Warfarin
- Digoxin
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What are the 3 enzymes involved in the synthesis of hypochlorite?
- NADPH oxidase
- SOD
- Myeloperoxidase
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What 2 conditions give strawberry tongue?
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2 skin infections caused by both staph aureus and s. pyogens?
- cellulitis
- folliculitis
- impetigo
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TNF alpha inhibitirs i.e Infliximab, adulimumab, etanercept predispose to what?
Tb
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What pneumoconiosis predisposes to Tb?
Silicosis
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What is an axonal reaction?
- regeneration of axon following a severance
- you see
- swelling of the axonal body
- peripheral displacement of nucleus and nissl bodies
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Inner restleness and inability to sit still see in with conjuction with anti-psychotic meds is called?
akathisia
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2 Effects of using Beta blockers for Hypertension?
decreases contractility and decreased renin production so it will decrease alpha one effects on the blood vessels
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Squamous epithelium is found in what part of the respiratory tract?
true vocal chords
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Drugs used for Restless leg syndrome?
- Parkinsons's
- levidopa/carbidopa
- Pergolide
- Bromocriptine
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Dopamine agonists for Parkinsons?
- pramipexole
- repirinole
- Bromocriptine
- Pergolide
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What nucleus controls circadian rhythm?
Suprachiasmatic nucleus--NE---Pineal Gland---Melatonin
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