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Animals are multi-___________________.
cellular heterotrophs.
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A heterotroph is an organism that ______________.
cannot make it's own food
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Animals are monophyletic which means ___________________________.
Both invertebrates and vertebrates can trace their ancestry to the same ancestor
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Diploid means _________________________
two copies of every chromosome
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Asymmetry means ____________________.
No particular body shape.
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Radial Symmetry means _____________________.
Two identical halves
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Bilateral symmetry means ______________________.
Definite right and left halves
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A coelom is a ___________________.
body cavity where internal organs are found
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Pseudocoelomates are _____________________________.
Incompletley lined with mesodurm, which is a false body cavity
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Acoelomates do not __________________.
Have a true body cavity
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Coelomates are organisms that _________________.
Have a body cavity filled with mesodurm. A completley lined body cavity
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In protosomes the blastophere is _________________.
associsted with the mouth
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In dueterosomes the _____________________.
second mouth is opposite of the protosomes
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Segmentation means _____________.
repeating units
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What are the three germ layers?
Endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm
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Amoeboid cells have _________________________.
epidermal and collar cells, found between, they help in serving food
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The job of a collar cell is to ______________________________.
move water with food into the sponge and send it out the asculum
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The function of sessile filter feeders is to ___________.
Take food from the water
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Spicules are used to ________________________.
snare prey then send cells out to digest it
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Spicules and spongin compose ___________________.
the skeleton of the sponge
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Active filter feeders fileter water for ___________________________.
food non-stop until the die
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What are the two types of asexual reproduction for carnivorous sponges?
Fragmentation and budding
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Fragmention in asexual reproduction is when ______________________.
A chunk breaks off and makes a copy of itself
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Budding in asexual reproduction is when ________________________.
Small sections of cells grow on adult and get larger until it breaks off
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Gemmules on carnivorous sponges are a ________________________________.
survival mechanism which acts as a safe room for the cells of the sponge to stay until conditions allow for regrowth
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If species are sessile as adults then they are spread by ______________________.
Moving a lot as youth
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Sessile means ________________.
to stay in one place
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Phylum ctenophora are _____________.
comb jellyfish
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Comb jellyfish capture their pray by ________________________.
using their "combs" to draw food to mouth
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Luciferous means ______________.
color that is bio-luminesnce
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Cnidocytes are _____________.
Stinging cells
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Ctenophora have two body plans __________ and ________.
Medusa shape and polyp shape
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The medusa shape looks like _________________.
A bell with tentacles
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The polyp shape looks like ________________.
an upside down bell with tentacles
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What is an aconita?
A tentacle that goes down into the gastrovascular cavity
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Hydrozoa means _____________.
Water animals
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What animal is the Physalia?
Portuguese Man-of-War
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What is the function of the nerve net of the Scyphozoa (Jellyfish)?
It helps to control the swimming movement.
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What is the statocysts in a Scyphozoa? (Jellyfish)
Organ of balance
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How do Scyphozoa feed?(Jellyfish)
The food sticks to the bell
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What are the two groups of Lophotrochozoans?
Lophophores and Trocophores
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In the lophophores the feeding aparatus is _______________.
Made up of tentacles
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In trocophores the larval stage __________________.
moves by sylia
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What is the phylum for flatworms?
Platyhelminthes
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Flat worms are flat ____________, which means from top to bottom.
dorsoventrally
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Monoecious planaria have _____________________________ but _______________.
both male and female reproductive systems, cannot self-reproduce
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Hepatica is the latin term for ___________.
liver
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Fasciola hepatica is a ________________.
sheep liver fluke
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A human liver fluke is called ___________________.
Clonorchis sensinsis
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The genus of tapeworms is __________.
Taenia
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The habitat for a tapeworn is ______________.
in the gut of the host
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A tapeworm has two body divisions, the ________ and ______________.
- Scolex(head)
- Strobilia, composed of proglottids
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The organization or protosomes in coelomates is ____________________________________.
Bilateral, three germ layers, organ system of organization
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Phylum Nemertea are _______________.
Ribbon worms and marine worms
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What are the three body parts of the Phylum Mollusca?
Visceral Mass (majority of organs located here)
- Mantle(structure that secretes the shell)
- Foot
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On the Phylum Mollusca the Radula is the ____________________________.
filing organism that helps to rip food into little pieces
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In the Bivalvia class of Phylum Mollusca they have no ___________ or _____________.
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The statolith is to help ________________________.
class bivalia of phylum mollusca understand which way is down
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The foot of Mollusca Bivalia is used ____________________.
mostly for digging
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The cilia's role in filter feeding is _______________________.
to create a water current into the mollusc, extract the food and send out the water
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The resperatory system of molluscs is their ______.
Gills
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Veliger means _____________.
Highly mobile
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Dioecious means _____________.
Two houses(the male and femal look the same)
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What does Cephalopoda mean?
Head Foot
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Squids, cuttlefish, octopus and nautilus are all part of class ____________. (Head/Foot)
Cephalopoda
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The foot sturcture of Cephalopods are highly _____.
Lobed
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How do cephalopods move?
By pulling water into the mantle cavity then shooting it out.
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What are the arms and tentacles of cephalopods used for?
Obtaining food and sometimes used for reproduction
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Cephalopods have a lens on their eye that focuses ____________________________.
light onto the the retina, like a camera
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How do cephalopods reproduce?
By use of spermatophores.
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What does gastopoda mean?
Stomach foot
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Snails, slugs and whelks are in the class __________.(stomach foot)
Gastropoda
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How do carnivorous gastropods use their radula to eat?
They scrape the shell of others, then use their tounges with poisonous barbs to kill them.
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Slugs are snails without _____.
shells
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What is the calcareous dart of a slug used for?
They jab each other with them, they have mucus on it that causes female reproductive tract to contract.
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Phylum Annelida are _____.
worms
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What are the two digestive parts of a worm?
Mouth and anus
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Worms have a closed cirulatory system which means __________________.
blood is always in the vessel
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The nervous system of a worm contains a ______ and _______.
-
Setae are the pointy things at the end of _________ on marine worms.
parapodia
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Nereis is a ______, while other marine worms are filter feeders.
predator
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______ is adult part that lives in burrow.
Atoke
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_________ break off from atoke and flop to the top of sea level.
Epitoke(sperm and eggs)
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Class Oligochaeta are ___________.
earthworms
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Earthworms move by _____________________.
contraction of longitudinal and circular muscles
-
Why do earthworms need to live in soil?
They need moisture around their bodies to let oxygen enter into the body.
-
What do earthworms eat?
soil and organic material
-
The crop of an earthworm is a __________________.
temporary storage organ
-
The gizzard of an earthworm is a _____________.
grinding organ
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How do earthworms reproduce?
They cling together by mucus then deposit fertilized eggs in soil.
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Class Hirunidea are ________.
Leeches
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Hirudin is an __________.
anti-coagulate
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Ecdysozoans have the ability to ________________.
shed outter coating
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Phylum Nematoda contain __________ and _________.
roundworms
rotifers
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Nematoda have sexual dimorphism which means ____________________.
male looks significantly different than female
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Necator Americanus is a ________.
hookworm
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Hookworm larvae get into a host by __________________.
waving around on soil, wainting on contact with skin
-
What is the food of Necator Americanus(hookworm)?
Blood
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Trichinosis is a result of hookworms caused by _________.
uncooked pork
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Enterobius is a _________.
pinworm
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Dracunculs medinesis is a ___________.
guinea worm
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Arthropoda means ___________.
joint foot
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What are the 3 regions of arthropods?
Head, thorax and abdomen
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What is the function of the exoskeleton on a arthropod?
Prevents organism from drying out, provides point of muscle attachment
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Arthropods have compound eyes, which means _____________.
multiple lenses in every eye
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What three different types of resperatory organs do arthropods have?
gills, book lungs and trachea
-
Chelicerae are the ______________ of arthropods.
feeding appendages
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Pedipalps are used for _____, _______ and ______ of arthropods.
feeding, sensation and reproduction
-
Cephalothorax means __________.
Head/chest
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The oldest terrestrial arthropods are __________.
scorpions
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Since scorpions are nocturnal they use _______ to get around.
pectines
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Pectines are ___________________________________.
little combs on the side of scorpions used to "feel" to move
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Pedipalps are the ______ of scorpions.
claws
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Viviparous means ________________.
gives birth to live young
-
Chelicera are _________________________.
modified into fangs, work like hypodermic needles
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Spinnerets on Arachnoidea are used to ______________.
depliy silk
-
Decapod means ________.
Ten/foot
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The carapace of a crustacean covers the ______________.
cephalothorax(like the upper shell of a turtle)
-
Which class includes centipedes?
Chilopoda
-
What is the body style of centipedes?
Made up of segments, each segment has two legs and a flatter body style.
-
Which class includes millipedes?
Diplopoda
-
What is the body form of millipedes?
Cylindrical, segmented with two pairs of legs on each segment.
-
What are characteristics of the head of the superclass Insecta?
Sense organs and chewing structures.
-
What are characteristics of the thorax of the superclass Insecta?
3 pairs of legs, possibly one or two sets of wings
-
What are characteristics of the abdomen of the superclass Insecta?
It contains internal organs
-
What are sclerites in the superclass insecta?
Plates of chitin that forms the exo skeleton
-
What is a nymph in superclass insecta?
The young version of an adult, it looks the same just smaller.
-
What ecological benefits can be obtained by beginning life as an aquatic larval form, then metamorphing inta a terrestrial adult?
No competition in feeding.
-
What is in order Hymenoptera of the superclass insecta?
Honey bees and ants
-
What is in order Isoptera of superclass insecta?
Termites
-
What are social insects?
Insects that live together and carry out specific roles in their community.
-
What are the three divisions of labor yields castes?
Workers
Drones
Queen
-
How is cast determined in superclass insecta?
By the food given in larval stage?
-
Drones in superclass insecta are developed from _________________.
unfertilized eggs(haploid)
-
Queens and workers in superclass insecta are developed from ________________.
fertilized eggs(diploid)
-
Queen larvae are given _____________.
royal jelly
-
Worker larvae are given _________.
worker jelly
-
What inhibits workers from sexual maturation?
Queen substance(pheremones emitted by the queen)
-
What is swarming as related to bees?
When a queen leaves the hive and takes workers with her.
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