geometry-definitions.txt

  1. Biconditional
    p if and only if q," single statement that is equivalent to writing the conditional statement and its converse
  2. Conclusion
    The part of the conditional statement that follows the word "then." (Notation is q)
  3. Conditional Statement
    Has the form "If p, then q." p is the hypothesis and q is the conclusion
  4. Conjecture
    A conclusion reached by inductive reasoning
  5. Contrapositive
    Formed by interchanging and negating the hypothesis and conclusion "If not q, then not p"
  6. Converse
    Formed by interchanging the hypothesis and conclusion "If q, then p"
  7. Counterexample
    An example of a conditional statement in which the hypothesis is fulfilled and the conclusion is not fulfilled. Proves that the statement is false
  8. Deductive Reasoning
    Using the laws of logic to prove statements (theorems) from known statements (postulates and previously proved theorems)
  9. Equivalent Statements
    Having the same truth value
  10. Hypothesis
    In a conditional statement, it comes after "if"...the p in "if p, then q."
  11. Inductive Reasoning
    Making a conjecture about several examples after looking for a pattern in the examples
  12. Intuitive Reasoning
    Using your feelings
  13. Inverse
    Negating the hypothesis and conclusion "If not p, then not q"
  14. Law of Detachment
    If "If p, then q" is a true conditional statement and p is true, then q is true
  15. Law of Syllogism
    If "If p, then q" and "If q, then r" are true conditional statements, then "If p, then r" is also true
  16. Negation
    The denial of a statement "Not p"
  17. Truth Value
    naming a statement true or false
  18. Transformation
    Movement of a pre-image using reflection translation rotation or dilation
  19. Reflection
    Isometric flip motion
  20. Rotation
    Isometric turn motion
  21. Translation
    Isometric slide motion
  22. Dilation
    A similarity transformation that has a center and scale factor, can be an enlargement or a reduction
  23. Pre-image
    Original object before a transformation
  24. Image
    The object after a transformation
  25. Congruent
    Same size and shape
  26. Isometry
    Congruent transformation
  27. Angle of Rotation
    The angle at which a figure is rotated
  28. Center of Dilation
    Point about which a dilation is performed
  29. Center of Rotation
    Fixed point around which a rotation occurs
  30. Equidistant
    Same or equal distance
  31. Line of Reflection
    For every point on a figure, there is a reflection image of that point over this line
  32. Prime Notation
    Symbolic representation given to images as a result of a transformation
  33. Similarity Transformation
    Dilation
  34. Symmetry
    A figure has this if there is an isometry that maps the figure onto itself
  35. Corresponding
    Matching parts of two or more figures
  36. on another figure
    ...
  37. Mapping
    A one-to-one correspondence between points of two figures
  38. Scale Factor
    The number that describes the size change from an original figure to its
  39. image
    ...
  40. Composition of Motions
    Two or more motions done in sequence
  41. Matrix
    A collection of data using rows and columns
  42. Dimensions of Matrix
    Row by Column
  43. Identity Matrix
    Matrix when used results in the original matrix e11 = 1 e12 = 0 e21 =0 e22 = 1
  44. Acute Angle
    An angle x whose measure is 0 < x< 90
  45. Adjacent Angles
    A pair of angles that: 1)Share a common vertex
  46. Analytic Geometry
    Coordinate based geometry
  47. Angle
    A partial rotation
  48. Angle Bisector
    A ray, line, or plane that divides an angle into two congruent angles
  49. Bisect
    Divided into two equal or congruent parts
  50. Collinear
    On the same line
  51. Complementary Angles
    A pair of angles whose sum is 90 degrees
  52. Congruent Angles
    Angles that have the same measure
  53. Congruent Segments
    Segments that have the same length
  54. Coplanar
    On the same plane
  55. Degree
    Unit of measure for an angle (1/360th of a full rotation)
  56. Dihedral Angle
    Angle formed by the intersection of two planes
  57. Endpoint
    Point at the beginning or end of a ray or segment
  58. Euclidean Geometry
    Non-coordinate geometry
  59. Exterior Point
    A point not in the interior or on
  60. Finite
    Having a limit
  61. Geometry (overall)
    The mathematics of the properties measurement and relationships of points lines angles surfaces and solids
  62. Infinite
    Having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude
  63. Interior Point
    A point not in the exterior or on
  64. Intersection
    Set of points shared by two or more figures
  65. Line
    Infinite set of collinear points
  66. Linear Pair
    A pair of adjacent angles whose non-adjacent sides form opposite rays
  67. Midpoint
    A point that divides a segment into two congruent segments
  68. Non-collinear
    Not on the same line
  69. Obtuse Angle
    An angle q whose measure is 90 < q < 180
  70. Opposite Rays
    Two rays that share a common endpoint and extend in opposite directions
  71. Parallel Lines
    Coplanar lines that never intersect
  72. Parallel Planes
    Two or more planes that never intersect
  73. Perpendicular Bisector
    A segment bisector that intersects the midpoint at right angle
  74. Perpendicular Lines
    Two lines that intersect to form one right angle
  75. Plane
    A boundless flat surface
  76. Plane Geometry
    Branch of geometry that deals with geometric figures which require a plane but not any space for their existence
  77. Point
    Undefined, but can be described as an exact unique sizeless location in space
  78. Postulate
    A statement that requires no proof
  79. Ray
    Has an endpoint and extends infinitely in 1 direction
  80. Right Angle
    An angle q whose measure is q = 90
  81. Segment
    An infinite set of collinear points with finite length
  82. Segment Bisector
    A line, segment, ray, or plane that intersects a midpoint of a segment
  83. Skew Lines
    Non-coplanar lines that never intersect
  84. Solid Geometry
    Branch of geometry that deals with figures which occupy space
  85. Space
    Infinite set of all points everywhere
  86. Straight Angle
    An angle q whose measure is q = 180
  87. Supplementary Angles
    A pair of angles whose sum is 180
  88. Theorem
    A statement that requires proof
  89. Three-Dimensional Figure
    A geometric figure that takes up space in solid geometry like a pyramid or sphere
  90. Trisect
    Divide into three equal or congruent parts
  91. Two-Dimensional Figure
    A geometric figure that takes up no space and can be represented in a plane like a triangle or circle
  92. Vertex
    The shared endpoint of two rays that form an angle
  93. Vertical Angles
    A pair of angles whose sides form opposite rays
  94. Alternate Exterior Angles
    Angles that lie outside two lines on opposite sides of the transversal
  95. Alternate Interior Angles
    Angles that lie between two lines on opposite sides of the transversal
  96. Consecutive Interior Angles (Same-Side Interior)
    Two angles that lie between two lines on the same side of the transversal
  97. Corresponding Angles
    Angles that occupy corresponding positions
  98. Point-Slope Form - (y - y1) = m(x - x1)
    ...
  99. Transversal
    A line that intersects two or more coplanar lines at different points
  100. Slope
    (y2 - y1)/(x2 - x1)
  101. Standard Form
    For linear equations, the form Ax + By = C, where A,B,C are integers and A doesn't equal 0
  102. Slope-Intercept Form
    A linear equation of the form y = mx + b
Author
Anonymous
ID
127070
Card Set
geometry-definitions.txt
Description
Honors Geometry vocabulary terms
Updated