Pharm - Anti-infective

• Malaria prophylaxis
• used for extraerythrocytic forms Plasmodium vivax or P. ovale

QUinolone derivative

• PABA structural analogs
• Inhibit Folic acid synthesis

• Should not be used in anuric pt due to production of (-) Nitrogen balance & increased BUN
• Doxycycline

• 3^rd generation cephalosporin
• DOC for bacterial meningitis in kids (ie...HiB)
• One dose tx for gonorrhea

Neomycin (aminoglycoside) - it suppresses the normal flora = decreasing NH4 production = decreasing free nitrogen levels in the bloodstream

Irreversible (-)r of beta lactamases, but ot of transpeptidase = use w/ a beta lactamase sensitive penicillin

• Tx Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Klebsiella
• Broad spectrum antibiotic

Tx Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Most commonly used drug for TB
• Usually combined w/ Rifampin and/or Ethambutol
• Pre tx w/ Pyridoxine (Vit B6) can prevent peripheral neuritis

• Tx of Hookworm disease
• Depolarizing NMJ (-)r

• A - Aminoglycosides
• T - Tetracyclines
• C - Chloramphenicol
• E - Erythromycin (macrolide)
• L - Clindamycin
• L - Lincomycin

• Tx intra-abdominal infection (ie.. w/ Bacteridoes fragilis)
• Traditional tx has been Clindamycin and Gentamycin

• Broad spectrum antibiotic
• Bone marrow depression (common) - aplastic anemia (rare)
• Grey baby syndrome (chloramphenicol cannot be conjugated)
• DOC Typhoid Fever (symptomatic salmonella infection)
• DOC HiB meningitis in kids = especially resistant strain to ampicillin

Tx trypanosomiasis

• Tx Leishmaniasis and Amebiasis
• Good for anaerobic bacteria = Bacteroides fragilis
• DOC Trichomoniasis
• DOC Giardia lamblia

TMP-SMX & Pentamidine

• Tx of Brucellosis & Cholera
• Tx Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
• Tx spirochete infections = Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)

(-) dihydrofolate reductase activity

Long duration of action = given once every 3-4 weeks for Tx of Syphilis

Tx Schistosomiasis (trematode [fluke] infections)

Tx Trypanosomiasis that has neurological symptoms

Tx Leishmaniasis

Tx fungal encephalitis

Polyene antifungal

(-) fungal ergosterol synthesis = disrupts membranes

Accumulates in keratinized layers of skin = used in dermatomycoses infections

• Anti malarial
• Tx Chloroquine resistant strains = P. falciparum

Tx for Malaria when inside RBC

DOC Chagas disease due to Trypanosoma cruzi

Used in pts allergic to penicillin

Topical tx of superficial mycotic infection = Candidiasis

• Guanine analog
• Tx Herpes infection

• Used w/ Cilastatin
• Can cause seizures

• Bleeding due to vit K level alterations
• Contraindicated in pts w/ bleeding disorders

• Used for MRSA
• "red neck" due to histamine release causes focal flushing

• Used w/ Cilastatin
• Does not cause seizures (cf w/ Imipenem)

Only penicillin that does not need dose adjustment in renal impairment

• Seen w/ use of....
• Metronidazole - Isoniazid - Vincristine - ddI - AZT - Allopurinol

Kernicterus can occur

• Fluoroquinolones used in a one dose deal for gonorrhea
• O = Ofloxacin
• N = Norfloxacin
• E = Enoxacin

Tx for RSV